L’innovation au sein des entreprises et du gouvernement : se tourner vers l’avenir

Cet article traite des effets de la mise en oeuvre des deux politiques les plus tentaculaires des cinq dernières années – la stimulation économique en réponse à la crise économique mondiale et l’austérité en vue de réduire les déficits gouvernementaux – sur l’innovation dans le secteur public. L’immédiateté que suppose la stimulation économique a limité la capacité des fonds de relance à soutenir l’innovation dans le secteur public. L’austérité a un effet mixte : une impulsion positive à trouver de nouveaux mécanismes de prestation de services, mais un impact négatif en raison d’une réduction de la marge de manoeuvre utilisée pour soutenir l’innovation. Cet article présente également les résultats d’une étude sur les demandes déposées aux Innovations in American Government Awards 2010. Les résultats montrent une hausse pour des partenariats interorganisationnels, dont les partenariats de cofinancement, comparativement à il y a deux décennies.This paper discusses the impact on public sector innovation of the two most significant overarching policy developments in the last five years: economic stimulus in response to the global financial crisis, and austerity intended to reduce government deficits. The former’s focus on immediacy limited the extent stimulus funds could support public sector innovation. Austerity had a mixed effect: a positive impetus to find new service delivery mechanism, but a negative impact due to the reduction of slack used to support innovation. The paper also presents results of a study of applications to the 2010 Innovations in American Government Awards that replicates the author’s 1998 book Innovating with Integrity. The most significant difference observed is a much greater salience of interorganizational partnerships, including those involving shared funding, now than two decades ago

The effects of non-optimal pricing and investment policies for transportation facilities

A simulation model was used to show the impacts of non-optimal pricing and investment timing policies for a major airport and an urban expressway. It was found that: the losses of economic surplus due to non-optimal pricing and investment policies were relatively small (less than 1% of the net present value of economic surplus for optimal pricing and investment), that marginal cost pricing covers the capital cost of all but the first increment of capacity, that higher user fees will permit the facilities to break even with relatively small losses of economic surplus, that marginal cost pricing has some effect relative to existing pricing policies in delaying the dates new capacity is required and achieving better capacity utilization, and that the shape of the cost function has a substantial impact on the amount of capacity required.

Innovations in government : research, recognition, and replication/ Edit.: Sandford Borins

xi, 231 hal.; 24 cm