In vitro culture utilization in Hungarian triticale breeding program

The doubled haploid plants can play a key role in applied research to map the agronomically, botanically important traits and acceleration of the breeding process in crop plants. The efficiency of triticale anther culture was tested by two field- and greenhouse grown winter triticale varieties (GK Idus and GK Szemes). The effect of growing conditions and genotype and their interaction were tested on four androgenic parameters (number of embryo-like structures, total, green and albino plantlets). The androgenesis was induced in each treatment of the two tested genotypes. Cultivar GK Szemes produced more embryo-like structures, total and albino plantlets, while the field grown GK Idus produced the most green plantlets/Petri dish. In the experiments of growing conditions, the efficiency of this tested method was higher in anther culture of field grown materials if compare to greenhouse origin materials. Based on this promising data, we can suggest the using of this method in applied research (production of mapping population) and practical breeding

The Impact Of Various Primary Tillage Methods On The Yield Components Of Dry Bean

In Hungary, dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been being popular as food and even as kitchen garden crop for centuries but currently only 20% of the annual domestic consumption is produced by the Hungarian agriculture, with the missing 80% coming from import. Improvement of production technology adapted to the new varieties of higher yield potential can contribute to the increase in domestic production. In our experiment, no significant differences could be found between the yield component and yield data of inversion (2.66 tons ha-1) and non-inversion (2.62 tons ha-1) tillage methods. Strip-tillage, however, resulted in higher values for almost all parameters compared to the other two methods. In the case of yield per plant, the difference was significant (24.35 vs. 18.33-18.57 grams ha-1). As the plant density was significantly lower for strip-tillage, despite the significantly higher yield per plant, the yield per hectare results became the lowest (1.39 tons ha-1) here. From the conditions detected after emergence, it was obvious that the harmonization of strip-tillage and sowing was not perfect. As the higher yield component and yield per plant data can be explained both by the lower plant density and the superiority of strip-tillage, the repetition of the experiment is essential

The impact of various primary tillage methods on the yield components of dry bean

In Hungary, dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been being popular as food and even as kitchen garden crop for centuries but currently only 20% of the annual domestic consumption is produced by the Hungarian agriculture, with the missing 80% coming from import. Improvement of production technology adapted to the new varieties of higher yield potential can contribute to the increase in domestic production. In our experiment, no significant differences could be found between the yield component and yield data of inversion (2.66 tons ha-1) and non-inversion (2.62 tons ha-1) tillage methods. Strip-tillage, however, resulted in higher values for almost all parameters compared to the other two methods. In the case of yield per plant, the difference was significant (24.35 vs. 18.33-18.57 grams ha-1). As the plant density was significantly lower for strip-tillage, despite the significantly higher yield per plant, the yield per hectare results became the lowest (1.39 tons ha-1) here. From the conditions detected after emergence, it was obvious that the harmonization of strip-tillage and sowing was not perfect. As the higher yield component and yield per plant data can be explained both by the lower plant density and the superiority of strip-tillage, the repetition of the experiment is essential

Exogenous ascorbic acid is a pro-nitrant in Arabidopsis thaliana

Due to the intensified production of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) proteins can be modified by tyrosine nitration (PTN). Examination of PTN is a hot topic of plant biology, especially because the exact outcome of this modification is still pending. Both RNS and ascorbic acid (AsA) are redox-active molecules, which directly affect the redox state of cells. The possible link between RNS-dependent PTN and AsA metabolism was studied in RNS (gsnor1-3, nia1nia2) and AsA (vtc2-3) homeostasis Arabidopsis mutants. During physiological conditions, intensified PTN was detected in all mutant lines compared to the wild-type (WT); without altering nitration pattern. Moreover, the increased PTN seemed to be associated with endogenous peroxynitrite (ONOO-) levels, but it showed no tight correlation with endogenous levels of nitric-oxide (NO) or AsA. Exogenous AsA caused intensified PTN in WT, vtc2-3 and nia1nia2. In the background of increased PTN, significant NO and ONOO- accumulation was detected, indicating exogenous AsA-induced RNS burst. Interestingly, in AsA-triggered stress-situation, changes of NO levels seem to be primarily connected to the development of PTN. Our results point out for the first time that similarly to human and animal systems exogenous AsA exerts pro-nitrant effect on plant proteome