Letter from Adrian Zwemer to His Family in the Netherlands

A letter of the Rev. Adrian Zwemer to his family in Zeeland Province, the Netherlands, reporting on his family\u27s life in America. It is a very full letter of interesting comments such as comments about his education in the Holland Academy where he studied for two and one half years in preparation for the ministry. Upon the advice of Van Raalte, he got a dispensation from studying at the seminary and was ordained by the Holland Classis. He then gives his view of the secession of 1857. Rev. Klijn realized he made a mistake in joining the secession. There is a small secessionist group in Vriesland who do nothing but quarrel. The Vriesland church called him and he was ordained on April 18, 1858. He gives a description of Vriesland and its people. He also writes about the Classis and its work. When the Classis met in Milwaukee, he met David Lankester who traveled to America on the same ship he did. He met other Zeeland people in Wisconsin. He also gives a brief overview of the Reformed Church in America. Life in Vriesland is interesting. There are still wolves and bears around.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1850s/1126/thumbnail.jp

Letter from A. C. Van Raalte to His Wife Christina Johanna de Moen

A letter of Albertus C. Van Raalte to his wife, Christina Johanna de Moen, to inform her of his travels thus far. He has learned from Judge Kellogg that there is land available at Ada and Ionia and six townships in Allegan are still for sale by the government. Van Raalte is very thankful that he has come into contact with M. I. Colt, Theodore Romeyn, Rev. Ova P. Hoyt and Judge Kellogg all of whom are God fearing men. More and more I think that the state of Michigan is the place in which we shall make our home. p. 32. He also admonishes his children to be obedient to Mrs. Van Raalte. He signs the letter as Your loving friend, brother, and husband.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1840s/1067/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Albertus C. Van Raalte to Helenius de Cock

In a letter from Rev. Albertus C. Van Raalte to the Rev. Helenius de Cock, S Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands, the writer gives de Cock an extensive description of life in the Holland Colony. The original letter is lengthy, consisting of ten pages. Van Raalte gave a full description of the Holland community in many of its facets. He is doing his best to give de Cock the best impression possible of the Holland Colony, with the hopes that de Cock will accept his call to the Graafschap congregation.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1850s/1210/thumbnail.jp

A Letter of Hendrik G. Klijn and K. Van De Bosch to the Christelijke Afgescheidenen in Nederland

A letter of Hendrik G. Klijn and K. van de Bosch to the Christelijke Afgescheidenen in Nederland shortly after these two Reformed Church in America ministers separated themselves along with their congregations from the Reformed Church in America and leading to the formation of the Christian Reformed Church.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1850s/1371/thumbnail.jp

A Letter from Rev. K. Van Den Bosch and Rev. Postma, A. Krabshuis, Elder, Jan Rabbers, Formerly Also an Elder of Emmen, Now Zeeland to the Reverend Synodical Assembly in Hogeveen

A letter from Rev. K. van den Bosch and Rev. Postma, A. Krabshuis, elder, Jan Rabbers, formerly also an elder of Emmen, now Zeeland to the Reverend Synodical Assembly in Hogeveen- defending their separation from the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church. We are the seed of Abraham, and not born out of whoredom, and we had to separate from our brothers when we discovered that they whored after a stranger. The group is looking for more understanding from its mother church in the Netherlands for the Separation of 1857.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1860s/1064/thumbnail.jp

Emigration, or, Why Do We Promote the Migration of People to North America and Not to Java?

Emigration, or, Why Do We Promote the Migration of People to North America and Not to Java? by A. Brummelkamp and A. C. Van Raaltehttps://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1840s/1239/thumbnail.jp

Acts of the Provincial Church Board at the Examination of Candidate A. C. Van Raalte.

Acts of the Provincial church Board at the Examination of Candidate A.C. Van Raalte. Originally published in the magazine De Reformatie.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1830s/1025/thumbnail.jp

Negative Regulation of Hepatitis C Virus Specific Immunity Is Highly Heterogeneous and Modulated by Pegylated Interferon-Alpha/Ribavirin Therapy

Specific inhibitory mechanisms suppress the T-cell response against the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in chronically infected patients. However, the relative importance of suppression by IL-10, TGF-β and regulatory T-cells and the impact of pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin (PegIFN-α/ribavirin) therapy on these inhibitory mechanisms are still unclear. We revealed that coregulation of the HCV-specific T-cell responses in blood of 43 chronic HCV patients showed a highly heterogeneous pattern before, during and after PegIFN-α/ribavirin. Prior to treatment, IL-10 mediated suppression of HCV-specific IFN-γ production in therapy-naive chronic HCV patients was associated with higher HCV-RNA loads, which suggests that protective antiviral immunity is controlled by IL-10. In addition, as a consequence of PegIFN-α/ribavirin therapy, negative regulation of especially HCV-specific IFN-γ production by TGF-β and IL-10 changed dramatically. Our findings emphasize the importance of negative regulation for the dysfunctional HCV-specific immunity, which should be considered in the design of future immunomodulatory therapies