Monument Unveiled in Puyallup

"On Friday afternoon, October 30, 1925, under the auspices of the Washington State Historical Society a monument was unveiled at the north end of the Meridian Street Bridge, Puyallup… A statement of the reasons for erecting the monument was made by W.P. Bonney, Secretary of the Washington State Historical Society as follows: ...'The inscriptions on these tablets are not news today. They hark back to the news items of seventy years ago; back to the days when John Carson, with his family, came and established his home on this spot.'

Lewis County's Early History

"W.P. Bonney, Secretary of the Washington State Historical Society, and one of the Contributing Editors of the Washington Historical Quarterly, furnishes a copy of the address he delivered at the dedicatory ceremonies of Lewis County's new courthouse at Chehalis on June 17, 1927. The address contains a brief and compact record of Lewis County's early history.

Puyallup Indian Reservation

"On December 26, the treaty was signed by Governor Stevens on behalf of the United States, by sixty-two Indians, Chiefs and head-men of the tribes named…Article 1 fo the treaty…

Marking Historic Sites

"Mr. W.P. Bonney, who furnished this article, is Secretary of the Washington State Historical Society. He is entitled to the credit of suggesting and planning most of the markers mentioned.

Naming Stampede Pass

"Forty years ago this spring I, with about forty others, tramped through a swampy forest, skirted the base of 'Enumclaw,' the mountain near your city, on our way to Green River, in the employ of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company…

Monument Unveiled in Puyallup

"On Friday afternoon, October 30, 1925, under the auspices of the Washington State Historical Society a monument was unveiled at the north end of the Meridian Street Bridge, Puyallup… A statement of the reasons for erecting the monument was made by W.P. Bonney, Secretary of the Washington State Historical Society as follows: ...'The inscriptions on these tablets are not news today. They hark back to the news items of seventy years ago; back to the days when John Carson, with his family, came and established his home on this spot.'

Lewis County's Early History

"W.P. Bonney, Secretary of the Washington State Historical Society, and one of the Contributing Editors of the Washington Historical Quarterly, furnishes a copy of the address he delivered at the dedicatory ceremonies of Lewis County's new courthouse at Chehalis on June 17, 1927. The address contains a brief and compact record of Lewis County's early history.

Genes, age, and alcoholism: analysis of GAW14 data

A genetic analysis of age of onset of alcoholism was performed on the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism data released for Genetic Analysis Workshop 14. Our study illustrates an application of the log-normal age of onset model in our software Genetic Epidemiology Models (GEMs). The phenotype ALDX1 of alcoholism was studied. The analysis strategy was to first find the markers of the Affymetrix SNP dataset with significant association with age of onset, and then to perform linkage analysis on them. ALDX1 revealed strong evidence of linkage for marker tsc0041591 on chromosome 2 and suggestive linkage for marker tsc0894042 on chromosome 3. The largest separation in mean ages of onset of ALDX1 was 19.76 and 24.41 between male smokers who are carriers of the risk allele of tsc0041591 and the non-carriers, respectively. Hence, male smokers who are carriers of marker tsc0041591 on chromosome 2 have an average onset of ALDX1 almost 5 years earlier than non-carriers

A study of genetic association with electrophysiological measures related to alcoholism: GAW14 data

Recently, alcohol-related traits have been shown to have a genetic component. Here, we study the association of specific genetic measures in one of the three sets of electrophysiological measures in families with alcoholism distributed as part of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 14 data, the NTTH (non-target case of Visual Oddball experiment for 4 electrode placements) phenotypes: ntth1, ntth2, ntth3, and ntth4. We focused on the analysis of the 786 Affymetrix markers on chromosome 4. Our desire was to find at least a partial answer to the question of whether ntth1, ntth2, ntth3, and ntth4 are separately or jointly genetically controlled, so we studied the principal components that explain most of the covariation of the four quantitative traits. The first principal component, which explains 70% of the covariation, showed association but not genetic linkage to two markers: tsc0272102 and tsc0560854. On the other hand, ntth1 appeared to be the trait driving the variation in the second principal component, which showed association and genetic linkage at markers in four regions: tsc0045058, tsc1213381, tsc0055068, and tsc0051777 at map distances 53.26, 85.42, 89.31, and 172.86, respectively. These results show that the partial answer to our starting question for this brief analysis is that the NTTH phenotypes are not jointly genetically controlled. The component ntth1 displays marked genetic linkage

Intra-operative point-of-procedure delineation of oral cancer margins using optical coherence tomography.

ObjectivesSurgical margin status is a significant determinant of treatment outcome in oral cancer. Negative surgical margins can decrease the loco-regional recurrence by five-fold. The current standard of care of intraoperative clinical examination supplemented by histological frozen section, can result in a risk of positive margins from 5 to 17 percent. In this study, we attempted to assess the utility of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging with automated diagnostic algorithm to improve on the current method of clinical evaluation of surgical margin in oral cancer.Materials and methodsWe have used a modified handheld OCT device with automated algorithm based diagnostic platform for imaging. Intraoperatively, images of 125 sites were captured from multiple zones around the tumor of oral cancer patients (n = 14) and compared with the clinical and pathologic diagnosis.ResultsOCT showed sensitivity and specificity of 100%, equivalent to histological diagnosis (kappa, ĸ = 0.922), in detection of malignancy within tumor and tumor margin areas. In comparison, for dysplastic lesions, OCT-based detection showed a sensitivity of 92.5% and specificity of 68.8% and a moderate concordance with histopathology diagnosis (ĸ = 0.59). Additionally, the OCT scores could significantly differentiate squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from dysplastic lesions (mild/moderate/severe; p ≤ 0.005) as well as the latter from the non-dysplastic lesions (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThe current challenges associated with clinical examination-based margin assessment could be improved with intra-operative OCT imaging. OCT is capable of identifying microscopic tumor at the surgical margins and demonstrated the feasibility of mapping of field cancerization around the tumor