527 research outputs found

    Fonctionnement cognitivo-Ă©motionnel : le rĂŽle de l’intensitĂ© Ă©motionnelle chez les individus anxieux

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    International audienceAnxiety is an emotional trouble very present in the general population and it seems to be linked to depression symptoms. The aim of this study is to test the relations hypothesis between cognitive-emotional functioning, anxiety and depressive symptoms. The study’s sample was formed from a group of 50 subjects, aged from 18 to 65. Participants completed Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), Affect Intensity Measure (AIM), Emotional Expressivity Scale (EES) and Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS). Our results show strong positive correlations between anxiety symptoms, affect intensity, emotional expressivity and level of emotional awareness. In conclusion, this results point out the importance of emotional variables in the study and treatment of subjects suffering of anxiety symptoms.L’anxiĂ©tĂ© est un trouble Ă©motionnel trĂšs rĂ©pandu dans la population gĂ©nĂ©rale et qui semble ĂȘtre souvent en lien avec les symptĂŽmes dĂ©pressifs. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude est de tester l’hypothĂšse de relations entre fonctionnement cognitivo-Ă©motionnel, symptĂŽmes anxieux et dĂ©pressifs. Un groupe de 50 sujets ĂągĂ©s de 18 Ă  65 ans constitue l’échantillon de notre Ă©tude. Les participants ont rempli l’échelle d’AnxiĂ©tĂ© et de DĂ©pression (HAD), les Ă©chelles d’intensitĂ© et d’expressivitĂ© Ă©motionnelle (AIM et EES) et l’échelle de niveau de conscience Ă©motionnelle (LEAS). Les rĂ©sultats montrent l’existence de corrĂ©lations positives significatives entre les symptĂŽmes anxieux, l’intensitĂ© Ă©motionnelle, l’expressivitĂ© Ă©motionnelle et le niveau de conscience Ă©motionnelle. Ces rĂ©sultats soulignent l’importance des variables Ă©motionnelles dans l’étude et la prise en charge des individus anxieux

    Anxiété, dépression et partage social des émotions : Des stratégies de régulation émotionnelle interpersonnelle spécifiques

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    International audienceDepressed and anxiety states represent respectively 12% of general population. They are associated with alexithymia dimensions like difficulties in verbalization of emotions (Berthoz et coll., 1999). The aim of the research is to identify the relations between anxiety, depression and social sharing of emotions considered as a process of interpersonal emotional regulation (RimĂ©, 2007). A quantitative method was used. 107 patients of general medicine and control subjects were characterised by the presence or the absence of anxiety and depressed states. We measured depressed and anxiety states with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and le components of social sharing of emotions. Results point out the presence of positives relations between anxiety state and inhibition of social sharing of emotions, and between a part of emotions’ inhibition and depression. In anxiety, it’s about a strategy used in order to avoid emotions reactivation happening despite of, in depression, the subject would try to protect from a negative perception.Les Ă©tats anxieux et dĂ©pressifs reprĂ©sentent respectivement 12% de la population gĂ©nĂ©rale. Ils sont associĂ©s Ă  des dimensions d'alexithymie et notamment aux difficultĂ©s de verbalisation des Ă©motions (Berthoz et coll., 1999). L'objectif de cette recherche est d'identifier les relations pouvant exister entre l'anxiĂ©tĂ©, la dĂ©pression et le partage social des Ă©motions considĂ©rĂ© comme un processus de rĂ©gulation Ă©motionnelle interpersonnelle (RimĂ©, 2007). La mĂ©thodologie quantitative prend appui sur un Ă©chantillon de 107 patients de mĂ©decine gĂ©nĂ©rale et d'individus tout-venant (H/F), caractĂ©risĂ©s par la prĂ©sence ou l'absence d'anxiĂ©tĂ© Ă©tat et de dĂ©pression Ă©tat. Nous avons Ă©valuĂ© les Ă©tats anxieux et dĂ©pressifs (HAD) et les composantes du partage social des Ă©motions (Ă©chelle de PSE). Les rĂ©sultats montrent l'existence de relations positives entre l'inhibition du partage social Ă©motionnel et l'anxiĂ©tĂ© Ă©tat, et entre l'inhibition d'une partie seulement du vĂ©cu Ă©motionnel lors du partage et le niveau de dĂ©pression. Il semble que dans le premier cas il s'agit d'une stratĂ©gie visant Ă  Ă©viter la rĂ©activation du vĂ©cu Ă©motionnel alors que dans le deuxiĂšme cas, l'individu chercherait davantage Ă  se prĂ©server d'une vision nĂ©gative de soi

    Approche exploratoire du discours autour de la suspension dans le cadre du body art

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    International audienceCette analyse sémantique menée à l'aide d'un logiciel d'analyse de discours (Tropes) propose une réflexion sur le discours d'un sujet portant sur une pratique du Body Art: la suspension. Il s'agit d'une recherche exploratoire présentant une analyse d'un texte écrit par un jeune homme pratiquant la suspension. Le but étant de se centrer sur le discours porté sur l'acte de suspension

    RÎle du tempérament et de la conscience émotionnelle dans la prise de risque chez des adolescents

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    International audienceIntroduction. —Risk-taking behaviors among adolescents are now considered as a real public health issue. To investigate for potential vulnerability factors, adolescent risk-taking behavior can be analyzed from several different perspectives, based on biological, social or psychologicalvariables. Risk-taking theories based on temperamental dimensions examine individual differences in propensity for engaging in such behaviors, whereas others focused on emotional processing disorder such as alexithymia or anhedonia with diverse conclusions. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between risk taking and two levels of psychological functioning: personality with reference to Cloninger’s model of personality, and emotion with reference to Lane and Schwartz’s level of emotional awareness theory.Method. — The sample consisted in 488 adolescents (mage = 14.93, SD = 1.44) with 257 boys (mage = 15, SD = 1.51) and 231 girls (mage = 14.52, SD = 1.23) who completed a set of three inventories: the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Scale (YRBSS), the Tridimensional PersonalityQuestionnaire, and the Level of Emotional Awareness Scale. Risk-taking behaviors were also assessed indirectly with regards to teachers or school educators’ evaluation.Results. — Moderate to weak significant correlations were found between temperament dimensions and risk-taking, and between level of emotional awareness and risk-taking. A positive moderate correlation was observed between novelty and risk-taking, whereas a negative weakcorrelation was observed between harm avoidance and risk-taking. Level of emotional awareness shows moderate negative correlations with risk-taking, as the two self and others dimensions. Finally, a model including the four temperament and the two emotional awarenessdimensions was tested with risk-taking as the outcome variable. It accounted for 33% of the total variance (R2 = 0.33; F = 30.78, p < 0.0001), with novelty seeking (p < 0.0001), self (p < 0.0001) and others (p = 0.0001), and level of emotional awareness as significant criteria.Discussion. — As hypothesized, temperamental dispositions of novelty seeking and harm avoidance, associated with weak emotional awareness, were associated with risk-taking. They may be considered as vulnerability factors for adolescents to engage in risk-taking behaviors. Severalpropositions may explain our results. First, risk-taking might be considered as an attempt to struggle against a sensation of emptiness due to a lack of emotion. Second, it may tend to replace emotion by sensations, which could be more controlled. Third, it could be an attempt — without success — to construct the complexity of subjective emotional experience.Les conduites Ă  risques Ă  l’adolescence constituent un rĂ©el enjeu de santĂ© publique, par les consĂ©quences inquiĂ©tantes qu’elles entrainent en termes d’accidentologie, de traumatologie ou de leur impact psychosocial et psychopathologique. DiffĂ©rentes travaux ont soulignĂ© le rĂŽle de dimensions de tempĂ©rament telles que la recherche de sensation ou de nouveautĂ©, ou de dimensions Ă©motionnelles telles que l’alexithymie. Dans ce travail, nous avons testĂ© les relations entre tempĂ©rament et dĂ©veloppement cognitivo-Ă©motionnel comme facteurs de vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© Ă  l’engagement dans des conduites Ă  risques, sur un Ă©chantillon de 488 adolescents. Les outils utilisĂ©s Ă©taient le questionnaire tridimensionnel de personnalitĂ©, l’échelle de niveau de conscience Ă©motionnelle, l’échelle de surveillance du risque pour les jeunes. Les analyses statistiques ont permis de dĂ©gager un modĂšle explicatif expliquant 33 % de la variance de la propension Ă  s’engager dans des conduites Ă  risques. Ainsi, une forte recherche de nouveautĂ© et un faible Ă©vitement du danger, associĂ©s Ă  un faible niveau de conscience Ă©motionnelle, entraĂźne un risque accru de s’engager dans des conduites Ă  risques. Ces rĂ©sultats sont comparables Ă  ceux retrouvĂ©s dans les Ă©tudes Ă©tudiant spĂ©cifiquement l’une ou l’autre de ces dimensions, notamment dans des problĂ©matiques addictives

    Relations entre dimensions émotionnelles et symptÎmes somatiques : effets médiateurs de la dépression et de l'alexithymie

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    International audienceObjectives: The aim of the present study was first to complete previous research on negative affectivity, alexithymia, depression and somatic symptoms by testing a theoretical model of their relations. It was second to investigate potential mediating effect on the relations between negative emotionality (i.e. neuroticism) and somatic symptoms.Patients and method: A sample of 309 subjects (77% F et 23% M; mean age = 20, 61 AE 1.55) completed the following questionnaires: the Positive and Negative Emotion questionnaire-31 items (EPN-31), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale 20 items (TAS-20), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D), and the Symptom Check List Revised, 90 items (SCL-90 R). Theoretical model and mediating effects were tested using structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping method.Results: Three measurement models were tested: First, a direct effect model did not fit the data. Second, a partially mediated model fit partially the data for some indices, but not for others, and was rejected for lack of parsimony. Finally, a full mediation model showed the best adjustment with results confirming the good fit of this structural model including (Chi 2 = 10.245, P = 0.069, ns; CFI = 0.989 > 0.95, RMSEA = 0.058 < 0.07 [90% IC = 0.000–0.100], SRMR = 0.026 < 0.08). So as, our resultsshow that alexithymia and depression are full mediators of the negative affectivity–somatic symptoms relation. In other words, when depression and alexithymia are introduced in the relation between negative affectivity and somatic symptoms, the direct effect of negative affectivity becomes non-significant, and turns to an indirect effect. Moreover, depression as a stronger effect on somatic symptoms than alexithymia, which seems to confirm previous research on the distinction between both constructs. These results are compatible with that of previous works on somatic symptoms and negative affectivity, and on somatic symptoms and alexithymia.Conclusion: The propensity to experiment negative emotional states may contribute to develop negative emotion regulation strategies such as alexithymia, which as a direct effect on somatic symptoms. But more precisely, we can hypothesize that alexithymia is not fully efficient as a defense against negative emotions, and that depression remains a strong characteristic of subjective emotional experience for some subjects, constituting a strong contributor to declarative somatic symptoms. Implications for psychotherapy are discussed, supporting the enhancement of negative emotions regulations strategies for subjects showing somatic complaints.Les plaintes somatiques constituent l'un des motifs de consultation les plus courants en mĂ©decine gĂ©nĂ©rale et sont frĂ©quemment rapportĂ©es par les patients dans les prises en charge psychothĂ©rapiques. Si plusieurs Ă©tudes ont permis de souligner les relations entre alexithymie et somatisations, peu de travaux se sont cependant intĂ©ressĂ©s aux relations entre dimensions de personnalitĂ© , psychopathologie de l'Ă©motion et symptĂŽmes somatiques. Dans cette Ă©tude, nous avons testĂ© une modĂ©lisation des relations entre dimensions de l'affectivitĂ© , alexithymie, dĂ©pression et symptĂŽmes somatiques autodĂ©clarĂ©s, dans un Ă©chantillon de 309 sujets. Les instruments d'Ă©valuation Ă©taient le questionnaire d'Ă©motions positives et nĂ©gatives (EPN-31), l'Ă©chelle d'alexithymie de Toronto (TAS-20), l'Ă©chelle de dĂ©pression du centre d'Ă©tudes Ă©pidĂ©miologiques (CES-D) et l'Ă©chelle somatisation de la liste de symptĂŽmes rĂ©visĂ©e en 90 items (SCL-90R). Une analyse en pistes causales a permis de confirmer un modĂšle dans lequel l'alexithymie et la dĂ©pression mĂ©diatisent totalement les relations entre affectivitĂ© et symptĂŽmes somatiques. En outre, la contribution de la dĂ© pression au niveau des symptĂŽmes somatiques se rĂ©vĂšle supĂ©rieure Ă  celle de l'alexithymie, soutenant Ă  la fois la pertinence de distinguer les deux dimensions et une interrogation quant aux relations qu'ils entretiennent. Ces rĂ©sultats sont compatibles avec ceux des travaux antĂ©rieurs, mais ils prĂ©cisent Ă©galement la fonction possible de l'alexithymie et de la dĂ© pression dans les relations entre affectivitĂ© et symptĂŽmes somatiques. Les implications pour la prise en charge sont importantes, amenant Ă  prendre en compte les capacitĂ©s des sujets Ă  Ă©laborer leurs expĂ©riences subjectives, voire Ă  mieux tolĂ©rer les affects nĂ©gatifs tout en Ă©tant plus Ă  mĂȘme d'identifier les Ă©motions positives

    DĂ©veloppement cognitivo-Ă©motionnel, rĂ©gulation des Ă©motions et comportements Ă  risques : une Ă©tude exploratoire chez l’adolescent

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    International audienceBut de l'Ă©tude. – L'objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait d'explorer les relations entre dysfonctionnement Ă©motionnel, trouble thymique et comportements Ă  risques chez les adolescents.Patients et mĂ©thode. – Notre Ă©chantillon Ă©tait constituĂ© de 56 sujets (sex-ratio 31G/25F ; Ăąge moyen = 14,76 ± 0,63), issus de deux collĂšges de la rĂ©gion Provence-Alpes–CĂŽte d'Azur, rĂ©partis en deux groupes grĂące Ă  un questionnaire de comportements Ă  risques. Le fonctionnement Ă©motionnel a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ© avec l'Ă©chelle de niveaux de conscience Ă©motionnelle et l'Ă©chelle d'alexithymie de Toronto en 20 items, l'intensitĂ© dĂ©pressive avec l'inventaire de dĂ©pression de Beck en 13 items, et le fonctionnement cognitif avec l'Ă©chelle d'attitudes dysfonctionnelles forme A.RĂ©sultats. – Les adolescents ayant une propension Ă  prendre des risques ont un niveau de conscience Ă©motionnelle infĂ©rieur aux autres adolescents, et un score plus Ă©levĂ© d'alexithymie. Ils ont Ă©galement un niveau d'attitudes dysfonctionnelles supĂ©rieur mais ne prĂ©sentent pas de trouble dĂ©pressif. Les troubles de la rĂ©gulation des Ă©motions associĂ©s Ă  des troubles cognitifs semblent prĂ©senter des relations significatives avec les prises de risques rĂ©pĂ©tĂ©es.Conclusion. – Les comportements Ă  risques pourraient ĂȘtre liĂ©s Ă  une incapacitĂ© Ă  utiliser les Ă©motions (du fait d'une faible Ă©laboration) pour rĂ©guler les comportements, tout en gĂ©nĂ©rant des sensations internes pouvant constituer des "prototypes Ă©motionnels"

    Symptomatologie dépressive à l'adolescence : rÎle de la personnalité et de la conscience émotionnelle

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    International audienceAim of the study. The aim of the study was to analyze the relating contribution of personality dimensions referring to Cloninger’s model and emotional awareness to depressive symptoms intensity, in a community sample of adolescents. Our purpose was also to investigate the mediating role of the emotional awareness on the personality-depression relationship.Method. A sample of 372 school students completed the following questionnaires: the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), the Level of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D).Results. Correlationnal and multiple hierarchical regressions analysis confirmed the existence of direct links between each personality dimensions and depression, and the partial mediating effect of emotional awareness, but only for the novelty seeking and the harm avoidance dimensions. Conclusion. Our results confirm the relationships observed in previous research between emotion awareness and depression on one hand, and between personality and depression on the other hand. They highlight the major role played by personality and emotional processing in the vulnerability to present depressive symptoms. The importance of taking in account and assess the emotional processing in the adolescent’s depression clinical support is discussed.But de l’étude. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait d’étudier les contributions relatives de dimensions de personnalitĂ© en rĂ©fĂ©rence au modĂšle de Cloninger et de la conscience Ă©motionnelle Ă  l’intensitĂ© de la symptomatologie dĂ©pressive, dans un Ă©chantillon communautaire d’adolescents. Cette recherche se proposait Ă©galement d’évaluer l’effet mĂ©diateur du niveau de conscience Ă©motionnelle sur la relation entre personnalitĂ© et dĂ©pression.Patients et mĂ©thode. Un Ă©chantillon de 372 adolescents de collĂšges et lycĂ©es a Ă©tĂ© constituĂ©. Les adolescents ont complĂ©tĂ© les questionnaires suivants : le Questionnaire Tridimensionnel de PersonnalitĂ© (TPQ), l’Echelle de Niveau de Conscience Emotionnelle (LEAS), et l’échelle d’évaluation de la DĂ©pression du Centre d’Etudes EpidĂ©miologiques (CES-D)RĂ©sultats. Les analyses en corrĂ©lations et en rĂ©gressions hiĂ©rarchiques confirment l’existence de relations directes entre chacune des dimensions de personnalitĂ© et la dĂ©pression ainsi que l’effet mĂ©diateur partiel du niveau de conscience Ă©motionnelle, mais uniquement dans le cas des dimensions « recherche de nouveautĂ© » et « Ă©vitement du danger ». Conclusion. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus mettent en Ă©vidence le lien dĂ©jĂ  observĂ© dans des travaux antĂ©rieurs entre conscience Ă©motionnelle et dĂ©pression d’une part, et entre personnalitĂ© et dĂ©pression d’autre part. Ils soulignent le rĂŽle majeur jouĂ© par la personnalitĂ© et le fonctionnement Ă©motionnel dans la vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© Ă  prĂ©senter des symptĂŽmes dĂ©pressifs. L’importance de prendre en compte et d’évaluer le fonctionnement Ă©motionnel dans la prise en charge de ces troubles Ă  l’adolescence est discutĂ©e

    Affectivité et alexithymie : deux dimensions explicatives des relations entre symptÎmes dépressifs et anxieux

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    International audienceObjectives : The main objective of this study was to support the existence of emotional dimensions common to anxiety and depressive symptomatology, and confirm the common elements of emotional vulnerability, characterized by negative affectivity and alexithymia operation. The second objective of this study was the identification of characteristics specific to each disorder. We made three assumptions:1) there is a significant relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms, 2) exists on community processes between these two entities, objectified by the sub dimensions of negative affectivity and the difficulty in identifying emotions 3) certain dimensions are specific to each disorder.Method : The study participants were students from 1st to 4th year of the University of Provence. The sample consisted of 317 subjects (77% female and 23% G; mean age = 20, 61 ± 1.55), who gave written informed consent and completed questionnaires collectively. We administered to the subjects a protocol consisting of three self-assessment scales to assess emotional dimensions and anxiety and depressive symptomatology. The dimensions of affectivity were assessed by the EPN-31. It consists of 31 items grouped into three factors: positive emotions, negative emotions and feelings of surprise. The emotional functioning was assessed by the scale of the Toronto alexithymia (TAS-20). It allows an overall assessment of the level of alexithymia, as well as three dimensions as represented by specific sub scales: difficulty identifying emotions (DIE), the difficulty to differentiate emotions (DDE), and thought oriented l outside (PEO). This scale is most used in the assessment of alexithymia. The anxiety and depressive symptoms was assessed by the subscale of anxiety and depression of the SCL90-R. This scale is widely used in screening for psychiatric symptoms, and has been validated internationally.Statistical analysis: we performed descriptive analysis, correlational analysis (correlation of Bravais-Pearson) and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS 15.Results validate our assumptions. We observe significant correlations between anxiety and depressive symptomatology and vulnerability factors (negative affectivity, emotional activation and alexithymia). The proposed model can retain common elements and specific dimensions operating respectively for anxiety and depression.Discussion : Our study reveals the existence of a "common nucleus of vulnerability characterized by negative affectivity associated with difficulty identifying emotions. Specific dimensions appear nevertheless exist, and depression is strongly explained by low positive affect (anhedonia dimension); anxiety associated specificially to emotional activation and finally thought outward, marking the size limitation the imaginary life in alexithymia, appears to operate in depression, perhaps as a mechanism of emotional repression. The involvement of alexithymia in the functioning of the affective disorder is confirmed, this helps to clarify the modalities of therapeutic care that we offer.L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait de dĂ©gager l’existence d’un « noyau commun de vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© Ă©motionnelle » opĂ©rant dans l’anxiĂ©tĂ© et la dĂ©pression ; et de prĂ©ciser les dimensions Ă©motionnelles spĂ©cifiques Ă  chacune. Nous avons recrutĂ© 317 sujets Ă©tudiants. Ils ont rempli un protocole permettant d’évaluer par des Ă©chelles d’autoĂ©valuation les symptomatologies dĂ©pressive et anxieuse ( SCLR-90), l’affectivitĂ© ( EPN-31) et l’alexithymie (TAS-20). Les rĂ©sultats montrent que l’affectivitĂ© nĂ©gative et la difficultĂ© Ă  identifier les Ă©motions reprĂ©sentent des facteurs commun de vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© Ă  l’anxiĂ©tĂ© et Ă  la dĂ©pression ; par contre, ces deux symptomatologies se distinguent par la mise en Ă©vidence d’élĂ©ments spĂ©cifiques Ă  chacune. On observe ainsi une faible affectivitĂ© positive dans la dĂ©pression et une forte activation dans l’anxiĂ©tĂ©, rĂ©sultats qui confirment des travaux antĂ©rieurs de la littĂ©rature. Une particularitĂ© rĂ©side dans le rĂŽle jouĂ© dans la dĂ©pression par la pensĂ©e orientĂ©e vers l’extĂ©rieur, dimension opĂ©ratoire de l’alexithymie. Les limites de l’étude et les ouvertures possibles sont discutĂ©es

    0230: Effectiveness of switching Prasugrel's ‘low responders’ to ticagrelor after acute coronary syndrome

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    AimsThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of switching from Prasugrel to Ticagrelor patients identified as Prasugrel low-responders one month after ACS.Methods and results540 patients admitted for ACS with coronary stent implantation and discharged on Prasugrel 10mg were screened. Prasugrel response was assessed one month after discharge using Platelet Reactivity Index Vasodilatator Stimulated Phosphoprotein (PRI VASP). High on-Treatment Platelet Reactivity (HTPR) was defined as VASP>50%. Patients with HTPR were enrolled and switched to Ticagrelor 90 mg twice a day. They were re-tested a month later. Primary endpoint was defined as: comparison of degree of platelet inhibition and incidence of HTPR one month after switching to Ticagrelor in patients with HTPR on Prasugrel therapy. The safety endpoint was the incidence of bleedings under Ticagrelor as compared with Prasugrel therapy, using the Bleeding Academic Research Consensus definition.Between March 2010 and November 2013, 19 patients were defined as HTPR on Prasugrel 10 mg one month after ACS, with a mean VASP of 59,3%. Among these patients, 14 were switched to Ticagrelor 180 mg daily and, at one month, we observed a significant decrease in PRI VASP, with a mean value at 19.6% (p<0.001). No patients remained HTPR and 4 patients (28.4%) were identified as Very Low on-Treatment Platelet Reactivity (VLTPR) (VASP<10%). No ischemic events were reported after switching, while 3 patients (21%) suffered from bleeding complications (2 BARC1 and 1 BARC2 bleedings) during Ticagrelor therapy.ConclusionSwitch to Ticagrelor in Prasugrel's “low responders” patients is an effective strategy, leading to an adequate platelet inhibition in a large majority of patients. This biological tailored approach could be useful in preventing ischemic complications, in this specific high risk population, potentially increasing bleeding risk. This hypothesis needs to be confirmed in large clinical studies.Abstract 0230 – Figur
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