Urticaria and infections

Urticaria is a group of diseases that share a distinct skin reaction pattern. Triggering of urticaria by infections has been discussed for many years but the exact role and pathogenesis of mast cell activation by infectious processes is unclear. In spontaneous acute urticaria there is no doubt for a causal relationship to infections and all chronic urticaria must have started as acute. Whereas in physical or distinct urticaria subtypes the evidence for infections is sparse, remission of annoying spontaneous chronic urticaria has been reported after successful treatment of persistent infections. Current summarizing available studies that evaluated the course of the chronic urticaria after proven Helicobacter eradication demonstrate a statistically significant benefit compared to untreated patients or Helicobacter-negative controls without urticaria (p < 0.001). Since infections can be easily treated some diagnostic procedures should be included in the routine work-up, especially the search for Helicobacter pylori. This review will update the reader regarding the role of infections in different urticaria subtypes

Triagem auditiva neonatal: aplicabilidade clínica na rotina dos médicos pediatras neonatologistas Neonatal hearing screening: clinical applicability in the routine of the neonatologists pediatrician doctors

OBJETIVO: identificar a aplicabilidade clínica da triagem auditiva neonatal na rotina dos médicos pediatras neonatologistas no município de Maceió-AL. MÉTODOS: foi realizado um estudo transversal analítico com 36 médicos pediatras neonatologistas por meio da aplicação de um questionário com seis perguntas objetivas. RESULTADOS: observou-se que 88,9% dos pediatras neonatologistas conhecem a triagem auditiva neonatal, no entanto, 11,1% desconhecem. No serviço particular de saúde, 66,1% encaminham todos os recém-nascidos para a triagem em sua rotina. No serviço público, apenas 7,4% encaminham todos os recém-nascidos e 42,8% não encaminham. Em relação à Lei Municipal nº 5.555/06, que obriga a realização da triagem auditiva neonatal universal nas maternidades e estabelecimentos hospitalares congêneres no município de Maceió, 41,7% dos médicos declararam não conhecer. Apenas 36,1% afirmaram conhecer o trabalho fonoaudiológico na prevenção da surdez. CONCLUSÃO: neste estudo, pode-se concluir que a triagem auditiva neonatal está inserida na rotina clínica da maioria dos médicos pediatras neonatologistas que trabalham na rede particular de saúde. No entanto, observa-se carência de recursos para a implantação e continuidade do programa no serviço público e pouco conhecimento do papel do fonoaudiólogo na prevenção da surdez.<br>PURPOSE: to identify the clinical applicability of neonatal hearing screening in the routine of neonatologist pediatrician doctors in the city of Maceió-AL. METHODS: an cross-section analytical study was carried out with 36 neonatologist pediatricians through the application of a questionnaire with six objective questions. RESULTS: it was observed that 88.9% of neonatologist pediatricians know on neonatal hearing screening; however, 11.1% do not know./ In the private health service, 66.1% refer all the newborn babies to the screening in their routine. In the public service, only 7.4% refer all the newborn babies and 42.8% do not. In relation to the Municipal Law number 5.555/06, which makes the neonatal hearing screening compulsory in the maternities and similar establishments in the city of Maceió, 41.7% of the doctors have declared not knowing. Just 36.1% have stated knowing the speech pathology related work in the prevention of deafness. CONCLUSION: in this study, it can be concluded that the neonatal hearing screening is inserted in the clinical routine of the majority of the neonatologist pediatrician doctors that work in the particular health service. However, there is a lack of resources for implementing and continuing the program in the public service and there is very little knowledge on the role of the speech pathologist in preventing deafness