Improving fertiliser management: redefining the relationship between soil tests and crop responses for wheat in WA

Most soils in Western Australia (WA) are highly weathered with very low levels of phosphorus. WA soils initially contained adequate indigenous soil potassium for cropping but removal of potassium over time in harvested grain has gradually resulted in the some soils becoming potassium-deficient for grain production. Fertiliser costs represent a significant part of the variable costs of growing crops in WA. Chen et al. (2009) identified the need for updated soil test interpretations due to substantial changes in farming systems, fertiliser practices and crop yield potential. The aims of this study were (1) to compile experimental data containing the standard soil test measurements and observed wheat crop yield responses for both nil and fertilised treatments across different soil types and seasons from published or unpublished sources, and (2) to critically analyse soil test-crop response relationships to derive better critical soil test values in soils and environments suitable for wheat grain production in WA

Residual value of rock phosphate fertilizers

The residual value of Christmas Island C-grade ore, 500 degrees C heated (calcined) C-grade ore (Calciphos), and superphosphate was measured in three experiments. Plant yield, and bicarbonate-soluble phosphorus extracted from the top 10 cm of soil were used to indicate the effectiveness of the four fertilizers. Using either of these indicators, superphosphate was the most effective fertilizer

Effect of soil P supply on the early growth and nodulation of lupins.

Trial 89GL33 Location: Glasshouse University of Western Australia. Four seeds were sown at 2.5 cm depth in pots containing 4.5 kg of steam sterilized soil treated with the following basal nutrients (mg/kg soil) : K2SO4, 121.7; MgSO4.7H20, 17.5: CaCl2, 21; FE sequestraene, 7.2; H3BO3, 0.5; MnSO4, 10.8; ZnSO4, 7H20, 7.5; CuSO4, 5H20, 5.3; Na2Mo04.2H20, 0.27; CoSO4.7H2O, 0.07

Erectile dysfunction following retropubic prostatectomy

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer to affect men in the UK. Treatment options depend on the grade of tumour, the patient's co-existing diseases and choice of treatment. One potentially curative option is surgery, specifically a radical retropubic prostatectomy or variation thereof. As a consequence of the surgery, men commonly experience two side-effects: urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction (ED). This paper outlines the clinical management of ED following surgery and aims to provide an overview of how to assess a man who has developed ED and discuss the various treatment options available, along with the efficacy in terms of recovery of erections