The role of nelarabine in the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: literature review and own experience

Aim. The analysis of experience of nelarabine use in refractory/relapsed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) depending on the immunophenotype and the line of therapy. Materials and methods. All the patients with relapsed or refractory T-ALL aged from 0 to 18 years who received treatment with nelarabine as a part of the therapeutic element R6 were included in the study. For all patients a detailed immunological analysis of leukemia cells with discrimination of immunological variants TI, TII, TIII or TIV was performed. Patients administered with nelarabine as a first therapeutic element were referred to the first-line therapy group, other patients were referred to the second-line therapy group. Nelarabine was administered as intravenous infusion at a dose of 650 mg/m2, on days 1-5. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (allo-HSCT) was considered for all patients. Results. From 2009 to 2017, 54 patients with refractory/relapsed T-ALL were treated with nelarabine. Five-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was 28% for all patients, cumulative risk of relapse (CIR) was 27%. EFS was significantly higher in nelarabine first-line therapy group in comparison with second-line therapy group (34±8% vs 8±8%, p=0,05). In patients after allo-HSCT EFS, OS and CIR were 51±10%, 50±10% and 39,1±9,5% accordingly. The best results were achieved in patients with TI immunophenotype. No toxicity-related mortality as well as severe neurologic complications or discontinuation of therapy associated with use of nelarabine were reported. Conclusion. The use of nelarabine is an effective strategy for the treatment of relapsed and refractory T-ALL. The best treatment outcomes were obtained in patients with TI immunophenotype and in the first-line therapy group. Optimal dosage regimens can be established during controlled clinical trials

Review on computational methods for Lyapunov functions

Lyapunov functions are an essential tool in the stability analysis of dynamical systems, both in theory and applications. They provide sufficient conditions for the stability of equilibria or more general invariant sets, as well as for their basin of attraction. The necessity, i.e. the existence of Lyapunov functions, has been studied in converse theorems, however, they do not provide a general method to compute them. Because of their importance in stability analysis, numerous computational construction methods have been developed within the Engineering, Informatics, and Mathematics community. They cover different types of systems such as ordinary differential equations, switched systems, non-smooth systems, discrete-time systems etc., and employ di_erent methods such as series expansion, linear programming, linear matrix inequalities, collocation methods, algebraic methods, set-theoretic methods, and many others. This review brings these different methods together. First, the different types of systems, where Lyapunov functions are used, are briefly discussed. In the main part, the computational methods are presented, ordered by the type of method used to construct a Lyapunov function

PRINCIPLES AND ESTIMATION METHODS DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL RISKS INITIATION OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AT RAILWAY TRANSPORT

The basic aspects of forming of ecological risks in the conditions of ecologization of transport processes are considered. The methods of probabilities estimation and management principles of ecological risks on a railway transport are offered

Розробка принципів і методів оцінки екологічних ризиків виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій на залізничному транспорті

The basic aspects of forming of ecological risks in the conditions of ecologization of transport processes are considered. The methods of probabilities estimation and management principles of ecological risks on a railway transport are offered.Рассмотрены основные аспекты формирования экологических рисков в условиях экологизации транспортных процессов. Предложены методы оценки вероятностей и принципы управления экологическими рисками на железнодорожном транспорте.Розглянуто основні аспекти формування екологічних ризиків в умовах екологізації транспортних процесів. Запропоновано методи оцінки імовірності та принципи управління екологічними ризиками на залізничному транспорті

Сучасні принципи управління станом навколишнього середовища в процесах транспортування та використання нафтопродуктів на залізничному транспорті

In the article the results of analysis of modern principles for management of the state of environment on a railway transport in the processes of transportation and use of oil products are presented. The optimization of current charts of management aimed at improving the ecological-and-economic indices is suggested.В статье приведены результаты анализа современных принципов управления состоянием окружающей среды на железнодорожном транспорте в процессах транспортировки и использования нефтепродуктов. Предложена оптимизация существующих схем управления с целью повышения эколого-экономических показателей.У статті наведено результати аналізу сучасних принципів управління станом навколишнього природного середовища на залізничному транспорті в процесах транспортування і використання нафтопродуктів. Запропоновано оптимізацію існуючих схем управління з метою підвищення еколого-економічних показників

ОЦІНКА ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ СИТУАЦІЇ ПРИ АВАРІЯХ З НЕБЕЗПЕЧНИМИ І ТОКСИЧНИМИ ВАНТАЖАМИ

General directions for emergency procedure and organization measures, aimed at eliminating the after-effects of railway accidents with dangerous and toxic freights, are determined, in view of assessing the ecological consequences of such accidents.Определен порядок действий и проведения организационных мероприятий, направленных на ликвидацию последствий железнодорожных аварий с опасными и токсичными грузами для оценки экологических ситуаций, возникших в результате таких аварий.Визначено порядок дій і проведення організаційних заходів, спрямованих на ліквідацію наслідків залізничних аварій з небезпечними і токсичними вантажами для оцінки екологічних ситуацій, що виникли в результаті таких аварій

Analysis and planning of correction of midfoot deformity located in sagittal plane of X-ray

OBJECTIVE. The authors developed a new method of assessment and planning of correction of sagittal midfoot deformity, which is based on original reference lines and angles. MATERIAL AND METHODS. X-ray lateral foot projections without deformities were analyzed in 64 adult volunteers. There was determined the angle between articular line of talus trochlea joint and the first metatarsal mechanical axis. It was estimated the ratio of segment length which was limited by distal point of the head of first metatarsal bone and distal edge of articular surface of talus trochlea joint (AC) to segment length, which was limited by edge of articular line of talus trochlea joint (AB). RESULTS. The target angle was 23,6 ± 3,2. The ratio coefficient of segment length AC to AB consisted of 4,3 ± 0,9. The method of planned foot correction was based on data obtained. It allowed doctors to determine the deformity apex and normal position of the first metatarsal head. CONCLUSIONS. The developed method facilitates to plan surgical correction of midfoot deformity in sagittal plane. It gives an opportunity to assess correction results independently from presence of equinus foot position in ankle joint and (or) hindfoot deformity