Unkonventionelle Nahverkehrssysteme mittlerer Kapazitaet im Ausland. Gegenueberstellung mit der deutschen Stadtbahn

This study was dedicated to the identification of new foreign medium capacity transit system developments, and to analyses of their particular features as compared to conventional rapid transit systems. The results contributed to the evaluation of the basic different characteristics of unconventional transit systems abroad. Solutions to the further development of rapid transit systems in the Federal Republic of Germany were inferred within the framework of an RD project on rapid transit technologies regarding comparable rapid-transit uses and the uses of the novel medium-capacity transit system. This report is largely based on a review of domestic and foreign literature, and on information provided by the public-transport companies and manufacturers. (orig./RHM)Zielsetzung der dokumentierten Untersuchung war es, neuartige auslaendische Entwickungen im Bereich der Nahverkehrssystme mittlerer Kapazitaet (Medium Capacity Transit Systems) zu identifizieren und im Hinblick auf ihre Besonderheiten gegenueber der konventionellen Stadtbahn zu analysieren. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sollten dazu genutzt werden, die grundsaetzlichen Unterschiede der unkonventionellen Nahverkehrssysteme aus dem Ausland beurteilen zu koennen, um moegliche Schlussfolgerungen fuer die Weiterentwicklung der Stadtbahn in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland im laufenden F+E-Vorhaben Technologiepaket Stadtbahnsystem beruecksichtigen zu koennen. Dies geschieht vor dem Hintergrund der vergleichbaren Einsatzspektren der Stadtbahn einerseits und der neuartigen Medium Capacity Transit Systems andererseits. Der vorliegende Bericht ist weitgehend das Ergebnis einer Auswertung in- und auslaendischer Literatur sowie von Informationen der Verkehrsbetriebe und der Hersteller. (orig./RHM)Available from TIB Hannover: F94B0349 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

A randomized, intraindividual, non-inferiority, Phase III study comparing daylight photodynamic therapy with BF-200 ALA gel and MAL cream for the treatment of actinic keratosis.

The most effective treatment modality for actinic keratosis (AK) is photodynamic therapy (PDT). Major obstacles of PDT are the need of a special illumination device and pain accompanying the illumination. These issues may be overcome by replacing an artificial high-power light source with natural daylight for more extended illumination at lower light doses. To determine whether BF-200 ALA (a nanoemulsion gel containing 7.8% 5-aminolaevulinic acid) is non-inferior to MAL (a cream containing 16% methyl-aminolaevulinate) in the treatment of mild-to-moderate AK with daylight PDT (dPDT). Non-inferiority of the primary efficacy variable (total lesion clearance rate per patient's side 12 weeks after PDT) is established if the mean response for BF-200 ALA is no worse than for MAL, within a statistical margin of Δ = -12.5%. The study was performed as an intraindividual comparison with 52 patients in seven centres in Germany and Spain. Each patient received one dPDT. Results include clinical endpoints as well as 1-year follow-up results. Twelve weeks after a single dPDT, 79.8% of the AK lesions treated with BF-200 ALA gel and 76.5% of the lesions treated with MAL cream were completely cleared. The median of differences was 0.0 with a one-sided 97.5% CI of 0.0, establishing non-inferiority (P Daylight PDT of AK with BF-200 ALA is well-tolerated and non-inferior to MAL/dPDT. The study demonstrates a trend towards higher efficacies after 3 months and significantly lower recurrence rates after 1 year follow-up