The SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics' resources: focus on curated databases

The SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (www.isb-sib.ch) provides world-class bioinformatics databases, software tools, services and training to the international life science community in academia and industry. These solutions allow life scientists to turn the exponentially growing amount of data into knowledge. Here, we provide an overview of SIB's resources and competence areas, with a strong focus on curated databases and SIB's most popular and widely used resources. In particular, SIB's Bioinformatics resource portal ExPASy features over 150 resources, including UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ENZYME, PROSITE, neXtProt, STRING, UniCarbKB, SugarBindDB, SwissRegulon, EPD, arrayMap, Bgee, SWISS-MODEL Repository, OMA, OrthoDB and other databases, which are briefly described in this article

RF Heat Load Compensation for the European XFEL

The European XFEL is a 3.4km long X-ray Free Elec-tron Laser. The accelerating structure consists of 96 cryo modules running at 1.3 GHz with 10 Hz repetition rate. The injector adds two modules running at 1.3 and 3.9 GHz respectively. The cryo modules are operated at 2 Kelvin. Cold compressors (CCs) pump down the Helium vapour to 30 mbar which corresponds to 2 Kelvin. Stable conditions in the cryogenic system are mandatory for successful accelerator operations. Pressure fluctuations at 2 K may cause detuning of cavities and could result in unstable CC operations. The RF losses in the cavities may be compensated by reducing the heater power in the liquid Helium baths of the nine cryogenic strings. This requires a stable readout of the current RF settings. The detailed signals are read out from several severs in the accelerator control system and then computed in the cryogenic control system for heater compensation. This paper will describe the commissioning on the cryogenic control system, the communication between the control systems involved and first results of machine operations with the heat loss compensation in place

Loss of insulation vacuum tests on an EuXFEL cryomodule

Many Free Electron Lasers (FEL) are nowadays based on linear superconducting accelerators (linacs). The typical layout of such a linac consists of a number of cryomodules (CMs) arranged in strings. Each cryogenic circuit in a string is protected by safety valves (SVs) in case of failure of the system or a catastrophic event. A typical worst-case scenario considers the venting of the insulation vacuum, causing a fast and uncontrolled warm up of the cryogenic circuits. Such venting can for example take place across a pump port belonging to a string. The amount of heat deposited on each circuit is a very important parameter to correctly size the safety devices. This paper describes the tests performed at DESY on an EuXFEL cryomodule to evaluate the heat input to the three cryogenic circuits of the CM while venting the insulation vacuum. Test results are given with a particular focus of their application to long strings

Design of the Control System for the Cryogenic Distribution System of European XFEL Project

In order to produce pulsed electron beam with the energy of 17.5 GeV, the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) linear accelerator is under construction. The XFEL accelerator will contain the linear accelerator (linac) and the injector. The XFEL cryogenic distribution system supplies the linac and the injector with cooling helium. The cryogenic supply of the linac is separated in parallel cryogenic sections called ‘strings’.Operation of the XFEL cryogenic distribution system is under the process control system for Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). A complementary component of EPICS is the Open Source software suit CSS (Control System Studio) providing an integrated engineering, maintenance and operating tools for EPICS as well as human machine interface. Cryogenic instrumentation used for operation and diagnostic is connected to PROFIBUS. More than 300 PROFIBUS nodes control the XFEL cryogenic system. DESY introduced the monitoring system based on Field Device Tool (FDT). FDT framework contains Data Tool Management (DTM) applications to examine the correct installation and configuration of all PROFIBUS nodes in real time.This paper describes the control system for the XFEL cryogenic distribution system including all steps from engineering to the pre-service tests

Serial testing of XFEL cryomodules: results of the cryogenic heat load measurements

The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) is in operation at DESY. The superconducting XFEL linac will produce pulsed electron beam at an energy of 17.5 GeV. The linac consists of 768 superconducting niobium 1.3 GHz nine cell cavities and 96 superconducting magnet packages assembled in 96 cryomodules. Each cryomodule is 12 m long and includes a 2 K helium II bath circuit for the cavities and 5/8 and 40/80 K thermal radiation shields. Before being installed in the XFEL linac tunnel all cryomodules were tested in the Accelerator Module Test Facility (AMTF ) . In this paper methods and results of static and dynamic heat load measurements of all XFEL cryomodules are reported. A comparison with first integral heat load measurements in the XFEL linac is give

Use of PROFIBUS for Cryogenic Instrumentation at XFEL

The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) is a research facility and since December 2016 under commissioning at DESY in Hamburg. The XFEL superconducting accelerator is 1.5 km long and contains 96 superconducting accelerator modules. The control system EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System) is used to control and operate the XFEL cryogenic system containing the XFEL refrigerator, cryogenic distribution systems and the XFEL accelerator. The PROFIBUS fieldbus technology is the key technology of the cryogenic instrumentation and the link to the control system. More than 650 PROFIBUS nodes are implemented in the different parts of the XFEL cryogenic facilities. The presentation will give an overview of PROFIBUS installation in these facilities regarding engineering, possibilities of diagnostics, commissioning and the first operating experience

The Large Scale European XFEL Control System: Overview and Status of the Commissioning

The European XFEL is a 3.4 km long X-ray Free Electron Laser in the final construction and commissioning phase in Hamburg. It will produce 27000 bunches per second at 17.5 GeV. Early 2015 a first electron beam was produced in the RF-photo-injector and the commissioning of consecutive sections will follow during this and next year. The huge number and variety of devices for the accelerator, beam line, experiment,cryogenic and facility systems pose a challenging control task. Multiple systems, including industrial solutions, must be interfaced to each other. The large number of bunches requires a tight time synchronization (down to picoseconds) and high performance data acquisitionsystems. Fast feedbacks from front-ends, the DAQs and online analysis system with a seamless integration of controls are essential for the accelerator and the initially 6 experimental end stations. It turns out that the European XFEL will be the first installation exceeding 2500 FPGAcomponents in the MicroTCA form factor and will run one of the largest PROFIBUS networks. Many subsystem prototypes are already successfully in operation. An overview and status of the XFEL control system will be given

The Large Scale European XFEL Control System: Overview and Status of the Commissioning

The European XFEL is a 3.4 km long X-ray Free Electron Laser in the final construction and commissioning phase in Hamburg. It will produce 27000 bunches per second at 17.5 GeV. Early 2015 a first electron beam was produced in the RF-photo-injector and the commissioning of consecutive sections will follow during this and next year. The huge number and variety of devices for the accelerator, beam line, experiment, cryogenic and facility systems pose a challenging control task. Multiple systems, including industrial solutions, must be interfaced to each other. The large number of bunches requires a tight time synchronization (down to picoseconds) and high performance data acquisition systems. Fast feedbacks from front-ends, the DAQs and online analysis system with a seamless integration of controls are essential for the accelerator and the initially 6 experimental end stations. It turns out that the European XFEL will be the first installation exceeding 2500 FPGA components in the MicroTCA form factor and will run one of the largest PROFIBUS networks. Many subsystem prototypes are already successfully in operation. An overview and status of the XFEL control system will begiven