26 research outputs found
1-(2-Oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-yl)urea monohydrate
The organic molecule in the title hydrate, C9H9N3O3·H2O, was obtained by the condenstation of salicylic aldehyde with urea in acetonitrile. The oxazine ring adopts a slightly distorted sofa conformation, with the N atom deviating from the plane passing through the other atoms of the ring by 0.267 (2) Å. The crystal structure displays intermolecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonding
Absolute values of the London penetration depth in YBa2Cu3O6+y measured by zero field ESR spectroscopy on Gd doped single crystals
Zero-field electron spin resonance (ESR) of dilute Gd ions substituted for Y
in the cuprate superconductor YBaCuO is used as a novel
technique for measuring the absolute value of the low temperature magnetic
penetration depth . The Gd ESR spectrum of samples with
substitution was obtained with a broadband microwave technique
that measures power absorption bolometrically from 0.5 GHz to 21 GHz. This ESR
spectrum is determined by the crystal field that lifts the level degeneracy of
the spin 7/2 Gd ion and details of this spectrum provide information
concerning oxygen ordering in the samples. The magnetic penetration depth is
obtained by relating the number of Gd ions exposed to the microwave magnetic
field to the frequency-integrated intensity of the observed ESR transitions.
This technique has allowed us to determine precise values of for
screening currents flowing in the three crystallographic orientations (, and ) in samples of GdYBaCuO of three different oxygen contents ( K), ( K) and
( K). The in-plane values are found to depart substantially from the
widely reported relation .Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures; version to appear in PR
Rapid Plant Identification Using Species- and Group-Specific Primers Targeting Chloroplast DNA
Plant identification is challenging when no morphologically assignable parts are available. There is a lack of broadly applicable methods for identifying plants in this situation, for example when roots grow in mixture and for decayed or semi-digested plant material. These difficulties have also impeded the progress made in ecological disciplines such as soil- and trophic ecology. Here, a PCR-based approach is presented which allows identifying a variety of plant taxa commonly occurring in Central European agricultural land. Based on the trnT-F cpDNA region, PCR assays were developed to identify two plant families (Poaceae and Apiaceae), the genera Trifolium and Plantago, and nine plant species: Achillea millefolium, Fagopyrum esculentum, Lolium perenne, Lupinus angustifolius, Phaseolus coccineus, Sinapis alba, Taraxacum officinale, Triticum aestivum, and Zea mays. These assays allowed identification of plants based on size-specific amplicons ranging from 116 bp to 381 bp. Their specificity and sensitivity was consistently high, enabling the detection of small amounts of plant DNA, for example, in decaying plant material and in the intestine or faeces of herbivores. To increase the efficacy of identifying plant species from large number of samples, specific primers were combined in multiplex PCRs, allowing screening for multiple species within a single reaction. The molecular assays outlined here will be applicable manifold, such as for root- and leaf litter identification, botanical trace evidence, and the analysis of herbivory
Identification of Roots of Woody Species Using Polymerase Chain Reaction
Within the last two decades, substantial progress has been made in understanding seed-bank dynamics and the contribution of the soil seed bank to a postdisturbance plant community. There has been relatively little progress, however, in understanding perennial bud-bank dynamics and the contribution of the soil bud bank to secondary succession. This lack of information is due primarily to the inability to reliably identify roots, rhizomes and lignotubers that lie dormant beneath the soil surface. This investigation addressed the issue of identification of below-ground woody structures. The first objective was to develop a method that used molecular tools to identify woody plant species from subsoil tissue samples. The second objective was to develop a key in which molecular markers served as criteria for the identification and differentiation of selected tree and shrub species common to the mountains of northeast Oregon and southeast Washington. Application of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified rbcL appears to be a reliable method to identify and differentiate 15 plants to the genus level. Two restriction enzymes, DpnII and HhaI, provided restriction site polymorphisms in the PCR product. The fragment number and length were used to develop an identification key. However, plants not analysed in this \u27exploratory key\u27 might share the same banding patterns, resulting in a false identification of unknowns