Additional file 1: of Timing of oral anticoagulant therapy in acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation: study protocol for a registry-based randomised controlled trial

SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (PDF 244 kb

Incidence rates and hazard ratios for outcomes according to treatment.

<p>Incidence rates and hazard ratios for outcomes according to treatment.</p

Background characteristics of study participants according to treatment, before and after matching and weighting.

<p>Background characteristics of study participants according to treatment, before and after matching and weighting.</p

Description of SNPs included in the study.

*<p>Reference sequence NT_009775.16.</p><p>MAF∶minor allele frequency, HWE: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.</p

Schematic map of the genomic region containing <i>OASL</i>, <i>P2RX7</i>, <i>P2RX4</i> and <i>CAMKK2</i>.

<p>A) Filled boxes represent genes. Arrows indicate transcriptional direction. B) Filled boxes indicate exonic regions. The position of each SNP included in the study is indicated by vertical arrows.</p

Patterns of linkage disequilibrium within <i>P2RX7</i>, <i>OASL</i>, <i>CAMKK2</i> and <i>P2RX4</i>.

<p>Shown are r²-values between polymorphic loci in the LSR sample. SNPs lying within blocks are depicted in bold type. Dark grey background: strong linkage; light grey background: uninformative; white background: recombination.</p

SUPPLEMENTARY_MATERIAL – Supplemental material for Determining the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a stroke instructional and educational DVD in a multinational context: a randomized controlled pilot study

<p>Supplemental material, SUPPLEMENTARY_MATERIAL for Determining the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a stroke instructional and educational DVD in a multinational context: a randomized controlled pilot study by Kelly M Jones, Rohit Bhattacharjee, Rita Krishnamurthi, Sarah Blanton, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Alice Theadom, Amanda G Thrift, Steven L Wolf, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Priya Parmar, Annick Maujean, Annemarei Ranta, Dominique Cadilhac, Emmanuel O Sanya, Marilyn MacKay-Lyons9, Jeyaraj D Pandian, Deepti Arora, Reginald O Obiako, Gustavo Saposnik, Shivanthi Balalla, Natan M Bornstein, Peter Langhorne, Bo Norrving, Nita Brown, Michael Brainin, Denise Taylor and Valery L Feigin in Clinical Rehabilitation</p

sj-docx-1-wso-10.1177_17474930231168742 – Supplemental material for Dual antiplatelet Use for extended period taRgeted to AcuTe ischemic stroke with presumed atherosclerotic OrigiN (DURATION) trial: Rationale and design

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-wso-10.1177_17474930231168742 for Dual antiplatelet Use for extended period taRgeted to AcuTe ischemic stroke with presumed atherosclerotic OrigiN (DURATION) trial: Rationale and design by Joon-Tae Kim, Jihoon Kang, Beom Joon Kim, Jun Yup Kim, Moon-Ku Han, Ki-Hyun Cho, Man-Seok Park, Kang-Ho Choi, Jong-Moo Park, Kyusik Kang, Yong Soo Kim, Soo Joo Lee, Jae Guk Kim, Jae-Kwan Cha, Dae-Hyun Kim, Tai Hwan Park, Sang-Soon Park, Jin Kyo Choi, Kyungbok Lee, Kwang-Yeol Park, Hae-Bong Jeong, Jun Lee, Doo Hyuk Kwon, Yong-Jin Cho, Keun-Sik Hong, Hong-Kyun Park, Byung-Chul Lee, Kyung-Ho Yu, Mi Sun Oh, Minwoo Lee, Dong-Eog Kim, Dong-Seok Gwak, Jay Chol Choi, Joong-Goo Kim, Chul-Hoo Kang, Jee-Hyun Kwon, Wook-Joo Kim, Dong-Ick Shin, Kyu Sun Yum, Sung Il Sohn, Jeong-Ho Hong, Hyungjong Park, Chulho Kim, Sang-Hwa Lee, Juneyoung Lee, Philip B Gorelick, Bo Norrving and Hee-Joon Bae in International Journal of Stroke</p

Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

BackgroundRegularly updated data on stroke and its pathological types, including data on their incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability, risk factors, and epidemiological trends, are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) aims to provide a standardised and comprehensive measurement of these metrics at global, regional, and national levels.MethodsWe applied GBD 2019 analytical tools to calculate stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of DALYs (with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) associated with 19 risk factors, for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. These estimates were provided for ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and all strokes combined, and stratified by sex, age group, and World Bank country income level.FindingsIn 2019, there were 12·2 million (95% UI 11·0-13·6) incident cases of stroke, 101 million (93·2-111) prevalent cases of stroke, 143 million (133-153) DALYs due to stroke, and 6·55 million (6·00-7·02) deaths from stroke. Globally, stroke remained the second-leading cause of death (11·6% [10·8-12·2] of total deaths) and the third-leading cause of death and disability combined (5·7% [5·1-6·2] of total DALYs) in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the absolute number of incident strokes increased by 70·0% (67·0-73·0), prevalent strokes increased by 85·0% (83·0-88·0), deaths from stroke increased by 43·0% (31·0-55·0), and DALYs due to stroke increased by 32·0% (22·0-42·0). During the same period, age-standardised rates of stroke incidence decreased by 17·0% (15·0-18·0), mortality decreased by 36·0% (31·0-42·0), prevalence decreased by 6·0% (5·0-7·0), and DALYs decreased by 36·0% (31·0-42·0). However, among people younger than 70 years, prevalence rates increased by 22·0% (21·0-24·0) and incidence rates increased by 15·0% (12·0-18·0). In 2019, the age-standardised stroke-related mortality rate was 3·6 (3·5-3·8) times higher in the World Bank low-income group than in the World Bank high-income group, and the age-standardised stroke-related DALY rate was 3·7 (3·5-3·9) times higher in the low-income group than the high-income group. Ischaemic stroke constituted 62·4% of all incident strokes in 2019 (7·63 million [6·57-8·96]), while intracerebral haemorrhage constituted 27·9% (3·41 million [2·97-3·91]) and subarachnoid haemorrhage constituted 9·7% (1·18 million [1·01-1·39]). In 2019, the five leading risk factors for stroke were high systolic blood pressure (contributing to 79·6 million [67·7-90·8] DALYs or 55·5% [48·2-62·0] of total stroke DALYs), high body-mass index (34·9 million [22·3-48·6] DALYs or 24·3% [15·7-33·2]), high fasting plasma glucose (28·9 million [19·8-41·5] DALYs or 20·2% [13·8-29·1]), ambient particulate matter pollution (28·7 million [23·4-33·4] DALYs or 20·1% [16·6-23·0]), and smoking (25·3 million [22·6-28·2] DALYs or 17·6% [16·4-19·0]).InterpretationThe annual number of strokes and deaths due to stroke increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, despite substantial reductions in age-standardised rates, particularly among people older than 70 years. The highest age-standardised stroke-related mortality and DALY rates were in the World Bank low-income group. The fastest-growing risk factor for stroke between 1990 and 2019 was high body-mass index. Without urgent implementation of effective primary prevention strategies, the stroke burden will probably continue to grow across the world, particularly in low-income countries.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation