441 research outputs found
Angular momentum dependent friction slows down rotational relaxation under non-equilibrium conditions
It has recently been shown that relaxation of the rotational energy of hot
non-equlibrium photofragments (i) slows down significantly with the increase of
their initial rotational temperature and (ii) differs dramatically from the
relaxation of the equilibrium rotational energy correlation function,
manifesting thereby breakdown of the linear response description [Science 311,
1907 (2006)]. We demonstrate that this phenomenon may be caused by the angular
momentum dependence of rotational friction. We have developed the generalized
Fokker-Planck equation whose rotational friction depends upon angular momentum
algebraically. The calculated rotational correlation functions correspond well
to their counterparts obtained via molecular dynamics simulations in a broad
range of initial non-equilibrium conditions. It is suggested that the angular
momentum dependence of friction should be taken into account while describing
rotational relaxation far from equilibrium
Jurkat/A4 cells with multidrug resistance exhibit reduced sensitivity to quercetin
Background: While multidrug resistance of cancer cells is a well-known phenomenon, little is known on the cross resistance between cytotoxic chemotherapeutical agents and unrelated substances such as natural flavonoids. Aim: To compare the effects of cytotoxic drug, vepeside and natural flavonoid, quercetin in Jurkat cells and their multidrug-resistant subline Jurkat/A4, in particular to analyze the effector mechanisms of apoptosis and the profiles of several pro- and antiapoptotic proteins in these cells upon exposure to vepeside or quercetin. Methods: Apoptosis and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage were assessed by flow cytometry. Expression of apoptosisrelated proteins was analyzed by Western blotting. Results: Jurkat/A4 cells are less sensitive to antiproliferative effects of quercetin as compared with the parental Jurkat cell line. While vepeside as well as quercetin initially induces apoptosis in both cell lines, the following survival of the exposed cells is essentially different. In resistant Jurkat/A4 cells, vepeside or quercetin treatment activates significantly less caspase-9 and -3 as compared with that in the parental cells. The expression of Bad and BNip1 proteins in Jurkat/A4 cells is lower than in the parental cell line. At the same time, XIAP and CAS levels in Jurkat/A4 cells increase. Upon apoptosis induction, XIAP and CAS levels in Jurkat cells decrease, this effect being negligible in resistant cells. Conclusion: Multidrug-resistant Jurkat/A4 cells exhibit reduced sensitivity to cytotoxic effects of quercetin. The expression profile of Jurkat/A4 cells is characterized by the increased levels of XIAP and CAS representing the endogenous inhibitors of apoptosis
Stresses in Twisted Cylindrical Plugs of Non-homogeneous Material Inserted into a Rigid Medium
 
The pseudo-spin symmetry in Zr and Sn isotopes from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line
Based on the Relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory, the
pseudo-spin approximation in exotic nuclei is investigated in Zr and Sn
isotopes from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line. The quality of the
pseudo-spin approximation is shown to be connected with the competition between
the centrifugal barrier (CB) and the pseudo-spin orbital potential (PSOP). The
PSOP depends on the derivative of the difference between the scalar and vector
potentials . If , the pseudo-spin symmetry is exact. The
pseudo-spin symmetry is found to be a good approximation for normal nuclei and
to become much better for exotic nuclei with highly diffuse potential, which
have . The energy splitting of the pseudo-spin partners is
smaller for orbitals near the Fermi surface (even in the continuum) than the
deeply bound orbitals. The lower components of the Dirac wave functions for the
pseudo-spin partners are very similar and almost equal in magnitude.Comment: 22 pages, 9figure
Entropy approximation for the system of moment equations describing charge transport in semiconductors
The question of possibility to build additional entropy conservation law for the system of moment equations, which appear in mathematical modelling of the charge transport in semiconductors, is discussed
Pulse Shape Analysis and Identification of Multipoint Events in a Large-Volume Proportional Counter in an Experimental Search for 2K Capture Kr-78
A pulse shape analysis algorithm and a method for suppressing the noise
component of signals from a large copper proportional counter in the experiment
aimed at searching for 2K capture of Kr-78 are described. These signals
correspond to a compound event with different numbers of charge clusters due to
from primary ionization is formed by these signals. A technique for separating
single- and multipoint events and determining the charge in individual clusters
is presented. Using the Daubechies wavelets in multiresolutional signal
analysis, it is possible to increase the sensitivity and the resolution in
extraction of multipoint events in the detector by a factor of 3-4.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures. submitted to Instruments and Experimental
Techniques; ISSN 0020/441
Anomalous lasing of high-speed 850 nm InGaAlAs oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with a large negative gain-to-cavity wavelength detuning
This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 061104 (2014) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4892885.The impact of a large negative quantum well gain-to-cavity etalon wavelength detuning on the static and dynamic characteristics of 850 nm InGaAlAs high-speed oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) was investigated. Three distinct lasing regimes were revealed in large square aperture (≥7 μm per side) devices with large detuning including: (1) an anomalous lasing via higher order Hermite–Gaussian modes at low forward bias current; (2) lasing via the lowest order Hermite–Gaussian modes at high bias current; and (3) simultaneous lasing via both types of transverse modes at intermediate bias currents. In contrast to conventional multimode VCSELs a two-resonance modulation response was observed for the case of co-lasing via multiple transverse modes with high spectral separation. The reduction in the oxide aperture area resulted in classical lasing via the lowest order modes with a conventional single-resonance frequency response.DFG, 43659573, SFB 787: Halbleiter - Nanophotonik: Materialien, Modelle, Bauelement
On an approach to the construction of difference schemes for the moment equations of charge transport in semiconductors
We discuss the construction of a class of difference schemes for a hydrodynamical model of charge transport in semiconductors
Test of Nuclear Wave Functions for Pseudospin Symmetry
Using the fact that pseudospin is an approximate symmetry of the Dirac
Hamiltonian with realistic scalar and vector mean fields, we derive the wave
functions of the pseudospin partners of eigenstates of a realistic Dirac
Hamiltonian and compare these wave functions with the wave functions of the
Dirac eigenstates.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, minor changes in text and figures to conform
with PRL requirement
Design of electrically driven single photon source based on dielectric passive cavity structure at 1.3 μm
A combination of advanced concepts is applied for designing micro-cavity structures aimed for single-photon sources with high photon-extraction efficiency in the telecom O-band at ~1.3 μm. The device design consists of a broad stop-band bottom distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), a top DBR formed in a dielectric micropillar with additional circular Bragg grating and a central dielectric passive cavity. This combination of photonic elements is compatible with electric carrier injection and provides overall photon-extraction efficiency of ~83% as shown by 3D finite-difference time-domain simulations
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