7 research outputs found
Feasibility and challenges of performing magnetoencephalography experiments in children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) has recently drawn substantial attention from researchers and clinicians. New effective surgical and physiotherapeutic methods have been developed to improve the quality of life of patients with AMC. While it is clear that all these interventions should strongly rely on the plastic reorganization of the central nervous system, almost no studies have investigated this topic. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate brain activity in young AMC patients. We also outlined the general challenges and limitations of electrophysiological investigations on patients with arthrogryposis. We conducted MEG recordings using a 306-channel Elekta Neuromag VectorView system during a cued motor task performance in four patients with arthrogryposis, five normally developed children, and five control adults. Following the voice command of the experimenter, each subject was asked to bring their hand toward their mouth to imitate the self-feeding process. Two patients had latissimus dorsi transferred to the biceps brachii position, one patient had a pectoralis major transferred to the biceps brachii position, and one patient had no elbow flexion restoration surgery before the MEG investigation. Three patients who had undergone autotransplantation prior to the MEG investigation demonstrated activation in the sensorimotor area contralateral to the elbow flexion movement similar to the healthy controls. One patient who was recorded before the surgery demonstrated subjectively weak distributed bilateral activation during both left and right elbow flexion. Visual inspection of MEG data suggested that neural activity associated with motor performance was less pronounced and more widely distributed across the cortical areas of patients than of healthy control subjects. In general, our results could serve as a proof of principle in terms of the application of MEG in studies on cortical activity in patients with AMC. Reported trends might be consistent with the idea that prolonged motor deficits are associated with more difficult neuronal recruitment and the spatial heterogeneity of neuronal sources, most likely reflecting compensatory neuronal mechanisms. On the practical side, MEG could be a valuable technique for investigating the neurodynamics of patients with AMC as a function of postoperative abilitation
Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ: ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Combined use of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is a highly informative cutting edge technologyΒ which is relevant for fundamental, clinical andΒ translational research. Unique capabilities of TMS-EEG approachΒ allow to assess theΒ functional state and connectivity of brain regionsΒ thus opening new prospects for the evaluation of the TMS effects inΒ non-motor corticalΒ areas. TMS-EEG responses have diagnostic andΒ prognostic potential for many neurological and mental illnesses.Β Simultaneous co-registrationΒ of TMS with EEG remains a technicallyΒ sophisticated procedure and requires specialized equipment inΒ conjunction with applicationΒ of complex data analysis techniques.Β This review describes the details of TMS-EEG technique, principles of the experiment design, theΒ shape and the reproducibility of TMS- evoked responses and applications of this promising approach bothΒ in research and in clinics.Β ΠΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (Π’ΠΠ‘-ΠΠΠ) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΒ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΒ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊΒ ΠΈΒ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π£Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π’ΠΠ‘-ΠΠΠΒ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅Β ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅Β ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π’ΠΠ‘ Π½Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΒ ΠΊΠΎΡΡ.Β ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ Π’ΠΠ‘-ΠΠΠ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈΒ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π’ΠΠ‘Β ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅Β ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅Β ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π’ΠΠ‘-ΠΠΠ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈΒ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π’ΠΠ‘ Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΠΠ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π’ΠΠ‘-ΠΠΠ
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ
Background.Β Arthrogryposis is one of the most severe congenital abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system characterized by 2 or more contractures of the large joints, muscle and anterior grey column pathology. One of the main problems making selfcare limited or impossible for the patients is an absence of the active movements in the joints of the upper extremities which can be restored through autologous transplantation from the various donor areas. Processes of the rehabilitation after these operations are associated with neuronal remodeling in the central nervous system both in the spinal cord and the brain, in the cortial regions in particular.The objectiveΒ is to evaluate possible reflection of arthrogryposis in the amplitude and neurodynamical characteristics of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in children.Materials and methods.Β Electrophysiological characteristics of the cerebral cortex in children with arthrogryposis and healthy children of the same age were examined. Such EEG characteristics as power and long-range temporal correlations (evaluation of the neuronal activity dynamics) in ranges of 4β8, 8β12, and 12β16 Hz were measured. The results were evaluated in accordance with clinical scales.Results.Β Data analysis has shown that children with arthrogryposis have significantly decreased EEG power in all of the studied ranges compared to healthy children. Additionally, a significant correlation between EEG power and the level of restoration of motor functions in the upper extremities after autologous transplantation of various muscle groups in the position of the biceps was observed. The obtained results reflect correlation between the electrophysiological parameters of the cerebral cortex and processes associated with arthrogryposis pathology. However, neurodynamical parameters in children with arthrogryposis are similar to those in healthy children. The results allow to state that arthrogryposis is reflected through decreased electrical activity of the cerebral cortex in 4β16 Hz range with preservation of neurodynamic characteristics typical for disease-free children.Conclusion.Β In this study, a significant difference in EEG power in 4β8, 8β12, and 12β16 Hz ranges between children with arthrogryposis and healthy children was demonstrated. However, there was no difference in such an important neurodynamical characteristic as longrange temporal correlations. It is possible that decreased amplitude of EEG rhythms in children with arthrogryposis is caused by their lower motor activity in general.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.Β ΠΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ· β ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 2 ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Ρ
Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π΅, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΒ β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ (ΠΠΠ).ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ.Β ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΈ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ) Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
4β8, 8β12 ΠΈ 12β16 ΠΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π».Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ.Β ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΠΌΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΠ³Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ 4β16 ΠΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π±Π΅Π· Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.Β Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
4β8, 8β12 ΠΈ 12β16 ΠΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΠΠ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography: Methodology, applications for research and clinics
Combined use of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is a highly informative cutting edge technology which is relevant for fundamental, clinical and translational research. Unique capabilities of TMS-EEG approach allow to assess the functional state and connectivity of brain regions thus opening new prospects for the evaluation of the TMS effects in non-motor cortical areas. TMS-EEG responses have diagnostic and prognostic potential for many neurological and mental illnesses. Simultaneous co-registration of TMS with EEG remains a technically sophisticated procedure and requires specialized equipment in conjunction with application of complex data analysis techniques. This review describes the details of TMS-EEG technique, principles of the experiment design, the shape and the reproducibility of TMS- evoked responses and applications of this promising approach both in research and in clinics
Transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography: methodology, applications for research and cilinics
Combined use of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is a highly informative cutting edge technologyΒ which is relevant for fundamental, clinical andΒ translational research. Unique capabilities of TMS-EEG approachΒ allow to assess theΒ functional state and connectivity of brain regionsΒ thus opening new prospects for the evaluation of the TMS effects inΒ non-motor corticalΒ areas. TMS-EEG responses have diagnostic andΒ prognostic potential for many neurological and mental illnesses.Β Simultaneous co-registrationΒ of TMS with EEG remains a technicallyΒ sophisticated procedure and requires specialized equipment inΒ conjunction with applicationΒ of complex data analysis techniques.Β This review describes the details of TMS-EEG technique, principles of the experiment design, theΒ shape and the reproducibility of TMS- evoked responses and applications of this promising approach bothΒ in research and in clinics
Characteristics of electrophysiological activity of the cerebral cortex in children with arthrogryposis
Background.Β Arthrogryposis is one of the most severe congenital abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system characterized by 2 or more contractures of the large joints, muscle and anterior grey column pathology. One of the main problems making selfcare limited or impossible for the patients is an absence of the active movements in the joints of the upper extremities which can be restored through autologous transplantation from the various donor areas. Processes of the rehabilitation after these operations are associated with neuronal remodeling in the central nervous system both in the spinal cord and the brain, in the cortial regions in particular.The objectiveΒ is to evaluate possible reflection of arthrogryposis in the amplitude and neurodynamical characteristics of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in children.Materials and methods.Β Electrophysiological characteristics of the cerebral cortex in children with arthrogryposis and healthy children of the same age were examined. Such EEG characteristics as power and long-range temporal correlations (evaluation of the neuronal activity dynamics) in ranges of 4β8, 8β12, and 12β16 Hz were measured. The results were evaluated in accordance with clinical scales.Results.Β Data analysis has shown that children with arthrogryposis have significantly decreased EEG power in all of the studied ranges compared to healthy children. Additionally, a significant correlation between EEG power and the level of restoration of motor functions in the upper extremities after autologous transplantation of various muscle groups in the position of the biceps was observed. The obtained results reflect correlation between the electrophysiological parameters of the cerebral cortex and processes associated with arthrogryposis pathology. However, neurodynamical parameters in children with arthrogryposis are similar to those in healthy children. The results allow to state that arthrogryposis is reflected through decreased electrical activity of the cerebral cortex in 4β16 Hz range with preservation of neurodynamic characteristics typical for disease-free children.Conclusion.Β In this study, a significant difference in EEG power in 4β8, 8β12, and 12β16 Hz ranges between children with arthrogryposis and healthy children was demonstrated. However, there was no difference in such an important neurodynamical characteristic as longrange temporal correlations. It is possible that decreased amplitude of EEG rhythms in children with arthrogryposis is caused by their lower motor activity in general
Feasibility and Challenges of Performing Magnetoencephalography Experiments in Children With Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) has recently drawn substantial attention from researchers and clinicians. New effective surgical and physiotherapeutic methods have been developed to improve the quality of life of patients with AMC. While it is clear that all these interventions should strongly rely on the plastic reorganization of the central nervous system, almost no studies have investigated this topic. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate brain activity in young AMC patients. We also outlined the general challenges and limitations of electrophysiological investigations on patients with arthrogryposis. We conducted MEG recordings using a 306-channel Elekta Neuromag VectorView system during a cued motor task performance in four patients with arthrogryposis, five normally developed children, and five control adults. Following the voice command of the experimenter, each subject was asked to bring their hand toward their mouth to imitate the self-feeding process. Two patients had latissimus dorsi transferred to the biceps brachii position, one patient had a pectoralis major transferred to the biceps brachii position, and one patient had no elbow flexion restoration surgery before the MEG investigation. Three patients who had undergone autotransplantation prior to the MEG investigation demonstrated activation in the sensorimotor area contralateral to the elbow flexion movement similar to the healthy controls. One patient who was recorded before the surgery demonstrated subjectively weak distributed bilateral activation during both left and right elbow flexion. Visual inspection of MEG data suggested that neural activity associated with motor performance was less pronounced and more widely distributed across the cortical areas of patients than of healthy control subjects. In general, our results could serve as a proof of principle in terms of the application of MEG in studies on cortical activity in patients with AMC. Reported trends might be consistent with the idea that prolonged motor deficits are associated with more difficult neuronal recruitment and the spatial heterogeneity of neuronal sources, most likely reflecting compensatory neuronal mechanisms. On the practical side, MEG could be a valuable technique for investigating the neurodynamics of patients with AMC as a function of postoperative abilitation