Neutrino Yukawa textures within type-I see-saw

The arbitrariness of Yukawa couplings can be reduced by the imposition of some flavor symmetries and/or by the realization of texture zeros. We review neutrino Yukawa textures with zeros within the framework of the type-I seesaw with three heavy right chiral neutrinos and in the basis where the latter and the charged leptons are mass diagonal. An assumed non-vanishing mass of every ultralight neutrino and the observed non-decoupling of any neutrino generation allow a maximum of four zeros in the Yukawa coupling matrix $Y_\nu$ in family space. There are seventy two such textures. We show that the requirement of an exact $\mu\tau$ symmetry, coupled with the observational constraints, reduces these seventy two allowed textures to only four corresponding to just two different forms of the light neutrino mass matrix $M_{\nu A}/M_{\nu B}$, resulting in an inverted/normal mass ordering. The effect of each of these on measurable quantities can be described, apart from an overall factor of the neutrino mass scale, in terms of two real parameters and a phase angle all of which are within very constrained ranges. The masses and Majorana phases of ultralight neutrinos are predicted within definite ranges with $3\sigma$ laboratory and cosmological observational inputs. The rate for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay, though generally below the reach of planned experiments, could approach it in some parameteric regions. Within the same framework, we also study Yukawa textures with a fewer number of zeros, but with exact $\mu\tau$ symmetry. We further formulate the detailed scheme of the explicit breaking of $\mu\tau$ symmetry in terms of three small parameters for allowed four zero textures. The observed sizable mixing between the first and third generations of neutrinos is shown to follow for a suitable choice of these symmetry breaking parameters.Comment: invited review article, to appear in a special issue on neutrinos in the journal Advances in High Energy Physics (AHEP

Firm Performance vis-à-vis Working capital Management: An empirical study of Indian Real Estate Sector.

Working Capital Management (WCM) is one of the vital components of financial management where the focus lies on the short-term aspect of financial decision making. The present study is focused on understanding the effect of working capital management on financial performance of Indian Real Estate listed firms and exploring the various factors that influence it. The study is based on secondary data collected from 'Capitaline Plus’ database. The data consists of an unbalanced panel including 1,498 firm-year observations for 123 real estate listed firms with a minimum observation of 3 years and a maximum observation of 18 years. A random-effects regression model is used by taking performance-based measures such as Return on Assets (ROA) and Market to Book Ratio (MBR) as dependent variables along with Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) and its components as the explanatory variables. Size, Leverage, Growth, Operating Efficiency, and GDP growth are considered as control variables. The findings highlight that there is no direct linkage of CCC with financial performance neither with ROA nor with MBR. The individual components such as Inventory Conversion Period (ICP), Accounts Receivables Period (ARP), and Accounts Payable Period (APP) have a negative relationship with financial performance. The control variables also show a mixed result on the financial performance. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Department of Estate Management and Valuation, University of Sri Jayewardenepura. Keywords: Working Capital, Cash Conversion Cycle, Financial Performance, India, Random Effect

Studying the variability of fluorescence emission and the presence of clumpy wind in HMXB GX 301−-2 using XMM-Newton

We present the results from an analysis of data from an \textit{XMM-Newton} observation of the accreting high mass X-ray binary pulsar GX 301$-$2. Spectral analysis in the non-flaring segment of the observation revealed that the equivalent width of the iron fluorescence emission is correlated with the observed absorption column density and the ratio of the iron K$\beta$ and K$\alpha$ line strength varied with the flux of the source. Coherent pulsations were detected with the spin period of the pulsar of 687.9$\pm$0.1 s, and a secondary pulsation was also detected with a period of 671.8$\pm$0.2 s, most prominent in the energy band of the iron line. At the spin period of the neutron star, the pulsation of the iron line has a low amplitude and the profile is different from the continuum. Pulse phase-resolved spectroscopy also revealed pulsations of the iron emission line during the non-flaring segment of the light curve. At the secondary period, both the iron line and the continuum have nearly identical pulse fraction and pulse profile. The additional periodicity can be attributed to the beat frequency between the spin of the neutron star and the Keplerian frequency of a stellar wind clump in retrograde motion around the neutron star. Reprocessed X-ray emissions originating from the clump can produce the observed secondary pulsations both in the continuum and the iron fluorescence line. The clump rotating around the neutron star is estimated to be approximately five lt-s away from the neutron star.Comment: 11 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societ

Several Trade off Features of Quantum Steering in Distributed Scenario

In the present work, we address the question of how bipartite steering violation takes place among multi-partite systems (where each sub-system have Hilbert space dimension restricted to two) based on the maximal violations of the bipartite steering inequality of the reduced pairwise qubit systems. We have derived a trade-off relation which is satisfied by those pairwise bipartite maximal steering violations, which physically can be understood as providing restrictions on the distribution of steering among subsystems. For a three-qubit system, it is impossible that all pairs of qubits violate the steering inequality, and once a pair of qubits violates the steering inequality maximally, the other two pairs of qubits must both obey the steering inequality. We also present a complementarity relation between genuine entanglement present in a tripartite state and maximum bipartite steering violation by its reduced states.Comment: Close to published versio

Trade liberalization, Skilled Intermediate input and Wage Distribution

This paper proposes a simple theoretical model of a small open economy comprising of four sectors including formal and informal ones. One sector produces skilled intermediate input for the importable production. Though other two sectors use labour and capital (land), labour is segregated as skilled or unskilled. Following traditional specification we also assumed that the skilled labours are employed in the formal sector and unskilled labours are employed in the informal sector. One of the distinguishing features of the present paper is the use of skilled intermediate input in import competing sector. So, in a sense import competing sector uses both skilled and unskilled labour. In such backdrop we tried to study the impact of trade liberalization on absolute and relative wage(s). It has been found that irrespective of factor intensity ranking both types of workers lose owing to tariff cut whereas under reasonable condition wage disparity between skilled and unskilled workers is reduced. These results seem to be quite sensible though the structure is slightly different from the conventional set up