11 research outputs found
Generalized Electromagnetic fields in Chiral Medium
The time dependent Dirac-Maxwell's Equations in presence of electric and
magnetic sources are written in chiral media and the solutions for the
classical problem are obtained in unique simple and consistent manner. The
quaternion reformulation of generalized electromagnetic fields in chiral media
has also been developed in compact, simple and consistent manner
Unified Angular Momentum of Dyons
Unified quaternionic angular momentum for the fields of dyons and
gravito-dyons has been developed and the commutation relations for dynamical
variables are obtained in compact and consistent manner. Demonstrating the
quaternion forms of unified fields of dyons (electromagnetic fields) and
gravito-dyons (gravito-Heavisidian fields of linear gravity), corresponding
quantum equations are reformulated in compact, simpler and manifestly covariant
way
Quaternion Analysis for Generalized Electromagnetic Fields of Dyons in Isotropic Medium
Quaternion analysis of time dependent Maxwell's equations in presence of
electric and magnetic charges has been developed and the solutions for the
classical problem of moving charges (electric and magnetic) are obtained in
unique, simple and consistent manner
Generalized Gravi-Electromagnetism
A self consistant and manifestly covariant theory for the dynamics of four
charges (masses) (namely electric, magnetic, gravitational, Heavisidian) has
been developed in simple, compact and consistent manner. Starting with an
invariant Lagrangian density and its quaternionic representation, we have
obtained the consistent field equation for the dynamics of four charges. It has
been shown that the present reformulation reproduces the dynamics of individual
charges (masses) in the absence of other charge (masses) as well as the
generalized theory of dyons (gravito - dyons) in the absence gravito - dyons
(dyons). key words: dyons, gravito - dyons, quaternion PACS NO: 14.80H
Discrete Symmetries and Generalized Fields of Dyons
We have studied the different symmetric properties of the generalized
Maxwell's - Dirac equation along with their quantum properties. Applying the
parity (\mathcal{P}), time reversal (\mathcal{T}), charge conjugation
(\mathcal{C}) and their combined effect like parity time reversal
(\mathcal{PT}), charge conjugation and parity (\mathcal{CP}) and \mathcal{CP}T
transformations to varius equations of generalized fields of dyons, it is shown
that the corresponding dynamical quantities and equations of dyons are
invariant under these discrete symmetries.
Abstract Key words- parity, time reversal, charge-conjugation, dyons
Abstract PACS No.- 14.80 Hv
Supersymmetrization of Quaternion Dirac Equation for Generalized Fields of Dyons
The quaternion Dirac equation in presence of generalized electromagnetic
field has been discussed in terms of two gauge potentials of dyons.
Accordingly, the supersymmetry has been established consistently and thereafter
the one, two and component Dirac Spinors of generalized quaternion Dirac
equation of dyons for various energy and spin values are obtained for different
cases in order to understand the duality invariance between the electric and
magnetic constituents of dyons.Comment: Key words: Supersymmetry, quaternion, Dirac equation, dyons PACS No.:
11.30.Pb, 14.80.Ly, 03.65.G
Quaternion-Octonion Analyticity for Abelian and Non-Abelian Gauge Theories of Dyons
Einstein- Schroedinger (ES) non-symmetric theory has been extended to
accommodate the Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories of dyons in terms of the
quaternion-octonion metric realization. Corresponding covariant derivatives for
complex, quaternion and octonion spaces in internal gauge groups are shown to
describe the consistent field equations and generalized Dirac equation of
dyons. It is also shown that quaternion and octonion representations extend the
so-called unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism to the Yang-Mill's
fields leading to two SU(2) gauge theories of internal spaces due to the
presence of electric and magnetic charges on dyons
Quantitative ethnobotanical assessment of woody species in a representative watershed of west Himalaya, India
In vitro propagation of bamboo species through axillary shoot proliferation: a review
Bamboos, very relevant plants in many countries around the world, are propagated at large scale with extreme difficulties. Use of seeds is challenging because of plant’s sporadic flowering and long flowering cycles, together with seed recalcitrance and consumption by wild animals. Vegetative propagation of bamboo is mainly conducted by cuttings and by air layering. However, these methods are only useful at small-scale because they damage the mother plants, propagation material is bulky and difficult to be transported and is only available during few months of the year. Therefore, in vitro propagation offers the opportunity to obtain large progenies from elite genotypes. In most cases, when developing protocols for in vitro propagation of plants, specific conditions for individual species, genotypes and even development stages of the donor plants must be identified by trial-and-error experiments. Because of the size of and the large diversity observed in this plant family, it usually takes several months to define most adequate culture medium, combination of plant growth regulators and of other compounds for fostering the desired development in the explants. Therefore, in this detailed review, that also puts together results from hard-to-find literature, we list all identified cases, in which development of axillary shoots was used to propagate bamboo plants, by presenting successful ways for disinfection, in vitro bud sprouting, multiplication, rooting and acclimatization.UCR::VicerrectorĂa de InvestigaciĂłn::Unidades de InvestigaciĂłn::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS)UCR::VicerrectorĂa de InvestigaciĂłn::Unidades de InvestigaciĂłn::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Instituto de Investigaciones AgrĂcolas (IIA