The influence of crossbreeding and LPL genotype on the yield, composition and quality of goat milk

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj križanja koza i genotipa LPL na prinos, sastav i kvalitetu kozjeg mlijeka. Istraživanje je provedeno u Litvi na stadu čistih sanskih, anglo-nubijskih i križanaca sanskih i anglo-nubijskih koza (n=37). Križanke sanske i anglo-nubijske koze te sanske koze imaju značajno (P<0,05) više (34,91 % i 16,03 %) prinose mlijeka od anglo-nubijske pasmine koza. U usporedbi s kozama križanih pasmina i sanskim kozama, najveći (P<0,05) udio masti i proteina, kao i najniži (P<0,05) udio laktoze i broj somatskih stanica utvrđeni su za anglo-nubijsku pasminu koza. Najveći prinos mlijeka (P<0,05) utvrđen je u genotipu CC gena LPL (u prosjeku 20,08 % veći nego u genotipu CG i GG) koza. Međutim, mlijeko genotipa CC okarakterizirano je i najnižim (P<0,05) udjelom masti, proteina i uree te najvećim udjelom laktoze u usporedbi s mlijekom genotipa CG. Istraživanje je pokazalo da pasmina i genotip LPL utječu na prinos i sastav kozjeg mlijeka te se čine vrijednim biomarkerima u procesu odabira koza.The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of crossbreeding and the LPL genotype on goat milk yield, composition and quality indicators. This research was carried out in a herd of pure-breed Saanen, Anglo-Nubian, and crossbred Saanen and Anglo-Nubian goats (n=137) in Lithuania. Saanen x Anglo-Nubian crossbred goats and Saanen had a significantly (P<0.05) higher (34.91% and 16.03%, respectively) milk yield compared to Anglo-Nubian goats. The highest (P<0.05) fat and protein and the lowest (P<0.05) lactose percentages and somatic cell count were found in the milk of Anglo-Nubian goats, compared to Saanen x Anglo-Nubian crossbreds and Saanen goats. The highest (P<0.05) milk yield was determined in the CC genotype of the LPL gene (on average 20.08% higher than in the CG and GG genotypes) of goats. However, the milk yield of the CC genotype was characterised (P<0.05) by the lowest fat, protein and milk urea levels, and the highest amount of lactose compared to the milk of the GG genotype. The study showed that breed and LPL genotype affected goat milk yield and composition and appear to be the valuable biomarkers of the goat selection process

Relationship of milking traits and somatic cell count with electrical conductivity of goat milk during different milking phases

The aim of this study was to estimate the relation between milking traits and somatic cell count with electrical conductivity of goat milk during different milking phases. The research was carried out in the herd of Czech White Shorthaired and Saanen goat breeds (n=323) with the help of the electronic milk flow meter LactoCorder®. The milk yield, milking duration, milking flow rate and electrical conductivity of milk in the different phases of milking showed the significant mean differences between the breeds. Almost all (except electrical conductivity during the initial time) investigated indicators of electrical conductivity had a significant positive correlation with SCC. The bimodality of milk flow was determined in 9.69 % of goats and associated with milk yield decrease and SCC increase (P<0.05). The results confirm that the milk flow curve data is a good tool to control milking traits of goats, to predict the prevalence of mastitis and, thus, to improve the health of the udder of goats

The Association between Charolais Cows’ Age at First Calving, Parity, Breeding Seasonality, and Calf Growing Performance

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of cows’ calving ages and newborn calf body weight on the pre-weaning growth rates of calves under the farming conditions of a northeastern European country. The females were purebred Charolais cows that calved between 2019 and 2022. A total of 130 calves (bulls = 76; heifers = 54) were observed during the evaluation. The investigation showed that, based on gender, bulls had a 4.28% higher birth weight than heifers (p p p p p p p p < 0.05)