25 research outputs found
Perfectionism Among Chinese Gifted Students in Hong Kong: Relationships to Coping Strategies and Teacher Ratings
Preclassical Mechanics in Context: Practical and Theoretical Knowledge Between Sovereignty, Religion, and Science
Corpus callosum axon diameter relates to cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
Abstract Objective To evaluate alterations in apparent axon diameter and axon density obtained by highâgradient diffusion MRI in the corpus callosum of MS patients and the relationship of these advanced diffusion MRI metrics to neurologic disability and cognitive impairment in MS. Methods Thirty people with MS (23 relapsingâremitting MS [RRMS], 7 progressive MS [PMS]) and 23 healthy controls were scanned on a human 3âtesla (3T) MRI scanner equipped with 300 mT/m maximum gradient strength using a comprehensive multishell diffusion MRI protocol. Data were fitted to a threeâcompartment geometric model of white matter to estimate apparent axon diameter and axon density in the midline corpus callosum. Neurologic disability and cognitive function were measured using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC), and Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in MS battery. Results Apparent axon diameter was significantly larger and axon density reduced in the normalâappearing corpus callosum (NACC) of MS patients compared to healthy controls, with similar trends seen in PMS compared to RRMS. Larger apparent axon diameter in the NACC of MS patients correlated with greater disability as measured by the EDSS (r = 0.555, P = 0.007) and poorer performance on the Symbol Digits Modalities Test (r = â0.593, P = 0.008) and Brief Visuospatial Memory TestâRevised (r = â0.632, P < 0.01), tests of interhemispheric processing speed and new learning and memory, respectively. Interpretation Apparent axon diameter in the corpus callosum obtained from highâgradient diffusion MRI is a potential imaging biomarker that may be used to understand the development and progression of cognitive impairment in MS