Collective Chaos Induced by Structures of Complex Networks

Mapping a complex network of $N$coupled identical oscillators to a quantum system, the nearest neighbor level spacing (NNLS) distribution is used to identify collective chaos in the corresponding classical dynamics on the complex network. The classical dynamics on an Erdos-Renyi network with the wiring probability $p_{ER} \le \frac{1}{N}$ is in the state of collective order, while that on an Erdos-Renyi network with $p_{ER} > \frac{1}{N}$ in the state of collective chaos. The dynamics on a WS Small-world complex network evolves from collective order to collective chaos rapidly in the region of the rewiring probability $p_r \in [0.0,0.1]$, and then keeps chaotic up to $p_r = 1.0$. The dynamics on a Growing Random Network (GRN) is in a special state deviates from order significantly in a way opposite to that on WS small-world networks. Each network can be measured by a couple values of two parameters $(\beta ,\eta)$.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, To appear in Physica

Diversities of disability caused by lung cancer in the 66 Belt and Road initiative countries: a secondary analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

ObjectivesDue to the increase in life expectancy and the aging of the global population, the “Belt and Road” (“B&R”) countries are faced with varying degrees of lung cancer threat. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in the burden and trend of lung cancer disability in the “B&R” countries from 1990 to 2019 so as to provide an analytical strategic basis to build a healthy “B&R”.MethodsData were derived from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 (GBD 2019). Incidence, mortality, prevalence, the years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of lung cancer and those attributable to different risk factors were measured from 1990 to 2019. Trends of disease burden were estimated by using the average annual percent change (AAPC), and the 95% uncertainty interval (UI) was reported.ResultsChina, India, and the Russian Federation were the three countries with the highest burden of lung cancer in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the AAPC of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs generally showed a downward trend in Central Asia (except Georgia) and Eastern Europe, while in China, South Asia (except Bangladesh), most countries in North Africa, and the Middle East, the trend was mainly upward. The AAPC of age-standardized incidence was 1.33% (1.15%–1.50%); the AAPC of prevalence, mortality, and DALYs from lung cancer in China increased by 24% (2.10%–2.38%), 0.94% (0.74%–1.14%), and 0.42% (0.25%–0.59%), respectively. A downward trend of the AAPC values of age-standardized YLD rate in men was shown in the vast majority of “B&R” countries, but for women, most countries had an upward trend. For adults aged 75 years or older, the age-standardized YLD rate showed an increasing trend in most of the “B&R” countries. Except for the DALY rate of lung cancer attributable to metabolic risks, a downward trend of the DALY rate attributable to all risk factors, behavioral risks, and environmental/occupational risks was shown in the vast majority of “B&R” countries.ConclusionThe burden of lung cancer in “B&R” countries varied significantly between regions, genders, and risk factors. Strengthening health cooperation among the “B&R” countries will help to jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind

Distinct miRNAs associated with various clinical presentations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in viral infections, but their associations with SARS-CoV-2 infection remain poorly understood. Here, we detected 85 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) from 2,336 known and 361 novel miRNAs that were identified in 233 plasma samples from 61 healthy controls and 116 patients with COVID-19 using the high-throughput sequencing and computational analysis. These DE-miRNAs were associated with SASR-CoV-2 infection, disease severity, and viral persistence in the patients with COVID-19, respectively. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses of the DE-miRNAs revealed their connections to viral infections, immune responses, and lung diseases. Finally, we established a machine learning model using the DE-miRNAs between various groups for classification of COVID-19 cases with different clinical presentations. Our findings may help understand the contribution of miRNAs to the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and identify potential biomarkers and molecular targets for diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Tribological behaviors of Gra./Cu and CNTs/Cu composites with and without electric current

Gra./Cu composites and CNTs/Cu composites were respectively fabricated by powder metallurgy techniques. The experiments of high speed sliding with and without electric current were carried out to investigate their tribological behaviors. The results show that the friction coefficients and wear rates with electric current are higher than without electric current; under the same testing condition the friction coefficients and wear rates of CNTs/Cu are lower and the worn surfaces are more planar than Gra./Cu. CNTs can debase the effect of heat generating during sliding process on the composites. The tribological properties of CNTs/Cu composites are more excellent than Gra./Cu composites

Limit Cycles and Invariant Curves in a Class of Switching Systems with Degree Four

In this paper, a class of switching systems which have an invariant conic x2+cy2=1,c∈R, is investigated. Half attracting invariant conic x2+cy2=1,c∈R, is found in switching systems. The coexistence of small-amplitude limit cycles, large amplitude limit cycles, and invariant algebraic curves under perturbations of the coefficients of the systems is proved

Comparison of Pedicled Adductor Longus and Pedicled Sartorius Flap in Inguinal Reconstruction, a Fresh Cadaver Study

Reconstruction surgeries in the inguinal area are challenging for vascular surgeons, oncologists, orthopedists, and others. The pedicled sartorius flap is the most commonly used flap for reconstruction. The pedicled adductor longus is reported as a new method to reconstruct the inguinal region. The related anatomic study is rare. This work aims to make a comparison of pedicled adductor longus and pedicled sartorius on cadavers for better use. Out of the 12 thighs in the 6 cadavers analyzed, the author compares two surgical methods in terms of surgical details, exposure of vascular and nerve pedicle, flap harvesting, flap transposition and flap volume, etc. Through the course of this study, it is showed that the adductor longus flap had a sizable advantage over the sartorius flap in terms of exposure, harvesting, and flap volume

THE EFFECTS OF EIGHT-WEEK SPORTS-SPECIFIC TRAINING ON THE KINEMATICS OF DOUBLE-POLE TECHNIQUES IN NOVICE CROSS-COUNTRY SKIERS

The purpose of the current study was to 1) investigate the effectiveness of an eight-week training specific to cross-country skiing on kinematic characteristics of the double-pole techniques in novice athletes; 2) examine the relationships between joint angles and poling kinematics during different phases of the double-pole in novice and experienced athletes. Ten novice cross-country skiing college athletes from China and nine experienced cross-country skiing college athletes from the United States participated in the eight-week cross-country skiing training. Three cameras were used to collect the kinematics of the double-pole techniques in field before and after the training for the novice athletes while only after the training for experienced skiers. The novice athletes showed significant increases in the speeds and traveled distances during the poling and gliding phases and the entire cycle (ppp

Hydraulic Fracture Propagation and Permeability Evolution in the Composite Thin Coal Seam

Hydraulic fracturing can improve the permeability of composite thin coal seam. Recently, characterizing hydraulic fracture (HF) propagation inside the coal seam and evaluating the permeability enhancement with HF extension remain challenging and crucial. In this work, based on the geological characteristics of the coal seam in a coal mine of the southwest China, the RFPA2D-Flow software is employed to simulate the HF propagation and its permeability-increasing effect in the composite thin coal seam, and a couple of outcomes were obtained. (1) Continuous propagation of the hydraulic microcrack-band is the prominent characteristic of HF propagation. With the increment of the injection-water pressure, HF generation in the composite thin coal seam can be divided into three stages: stress accumulation, stable fracture propagation, and unstable fracture propagation. (2) The hydraulic microcrack-band propagates continuously driven by the fluid-injection pressure. The microcrack-band not only cracks the coal seam but also fractures the gangue sandwiched between the coal seams. (3) The permeability in the composite thin coal seam increases significantly with the propagation of hydraulic microcrack-band. The permeability increases by 1~2 magnitudes after hydraulic fracturing. This study provides references to the field applications of hydraulic fracturing in the composite thin coal seam, such as optimizing hydraulic fracturing parameters, improving gas drainage, and safe-efficient mining

Evaluating the impact of setting delineators in tunnels based on drivers' visual characteristics.

Poor visual conditions in tunnels can easily cause traffic accidents, and it is difficult for emergency services to reach these areas. As an economical and effective visual guiding device, delineators have attracted wide attention. Based on the actual alignment of the Qinling Mountain No.1, No.2 and No.3 tunnels of the G5 Expressway in Xi'an City (Shaanxi Province, China), this paper designs a simulation experiment. Through a simulator study and a questionnaire survey, this paper discusses how delineators affect drivers' visual characteristics (including fixation area and pupil size) in different settings and with different road alignments. Twenty-five subjects participated in this research. The results show that setting delineators in tunnels can continuously guide drivers' vision and attract their attention to focus on the pavement. Compared with setting only pavement delineators, setting wall delineators and pavement delineators together can provide better guiding effects and ensure driving safety in both straight and curved sections. In addition, when driving in tunnels equipped with delineators, especially tunnels with both wall delineators and pavement delineators, the participants exhibited a smaller pupil diameter and lower pupil diameter change rate. In terms of the relationship between pupil size and road alignment, the results indicated that regardless of what type of delineator was used, the drivers exhibited the smallest pupil size and lowest pupil change rate when driving on the straight section compared with the curved sections