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Not AvailableSclerotium rolfsii Sacc. (telomorph: Athelia rolfsii Tuand Kimbrough) is a necrotrophic soil-borne fungal pathogen that infects about 500 plant species including groundnut (Aycock 1966; Punja 1988). It causes stem and pod rot, a serious disease in groundnut and upto 30 percent yield losses were recorded in farmers field (Anonymous 2012). It is also called as Sclerotium blight, Sclerotium wilt, Southern blight, Southern stem blight, Southern stem rot, white mold and Sclerotium stem rot. The incidence of stem rot is increasing year by year due to wide host range of the pathogen and survival of sclerotia of the pathogen for several years in soil (Punja 1985).Not Availabl

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Not AvailableSclerotium rolfsii is one of the dreaded pathogen which causes stem-rot disease by infecting groundnut from seedling to maturity stages and causes potential yield losses. Molecular markers, linked with stem-rot disease resistance gene/QTLs can facilitate the identification of resistant genotypes. In the present study, a stem-rot susceptible genotype (TG-37A) and a stem-rot resistant genotype (NRCG CS85) were crossed and their F2 population was used for SSR marker analysis. For the phenotypic data, F2:3 progenies were screened for stem-rot disease incidence. Parental polymorphism survey was done using 1266 SSR primer pairs so as to identify the polymorphic markers. Among these SSRs, 52 were found to be polymorphic between the parental combination (TG-37A x NRCG CS85).These markers were further utilized for bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Among the polymorphic SSRs, three primers DGR294, DGR470 and DGR510 were able to distinguish both resistant and susceptible bulks and individual plants constituting the bulks. Further genotyping of whole population using identified markers is under way, which may confirm the linkage of putatively linked markers to with the stem-rot resistanceNot Availabl

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Not AvailableStem rot, a devastating fungal disease of peanut, is caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. RNA-sequencing approaches have been used to unravel the mechanisms of resistance to stem rot in peanut over the course of fungal infection in resistant (NRCG-CS85) and susceptible (TG37A) genotypes under control conditions and during the course of infection. Out of about 290 million reads, nearly 251 million (92.22%) high-quality reads were obtained and aligned to the Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes with the average mapping of 78.91% and 78.61%, respectively. In total, about 48.6% of genes were commonly regulated, while approximately 21.8% and 29.6% of uniquely regulated genes from A. duranensis and A. ipaensis genomes, respectively, were identified. Several annotated transcripts, such as receptor-like kinases, jasmonic acid pathway enzymes, and transcription factors (TFs), including WRKY, Zinc finger protein, and C2-H2 zinc finger, showed higher expression in resistant genotypes upon infection. These transcripts have a known role in channelizing the downstream of pathogen perception. The higher expression of WRKY transcripts might have induced the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) by the activation of the jasmonic acid defense signaling pathway. Furthermore, a set of 30 transcripts involved in the defense mechanisms were validated with quantitative real-time PCR. This study suggested PAMP-triggered immunity as a probable mechanism of resistance, while the jasmonic acid signaling pathway was identified as a possible defense mechanism in peanut. The information generated is of immense importance in developing more effective ways to combat the stem rot disease in peanut.e National Agricultural Science Fund (NASF) of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India

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Not AvailableSclerotium rolfsii is one of the dreaded pathogen which causes stem-rot disease by infecting groundnut from seedling to maturity stages and causes potential yield losses. Molecular markers, linked with stem-rot disease resistance gene/QTLs can facilitate the identification of resistant genotypes. In the present study, a stem-rot susceptible genotype (TG-37A) and a stem-rot resistant genotype (NRCG CS85) were crossed and their F2 population was used for SSR marker analysis. For the phenotypic data, F2:3 progenies were screened for stem-rot disease incidence. Parental polymorphism survey was done using 1266 SSR primer pairs so as to identify the polymorphic markers. Among these SSRs, 52 were found to be polymorphic between the parental combination (TG-37A x NRCG CS85).These markers were further utilized for bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Among the polymorphic SSRs, three primers DGR294, DGR470 and DGR510 were able to distinguish both resistant and susceptible bulks and individual plants constituting the bulks. Further genotyping of whole population using identified markers is under way, which may confirm the linkage of putatively linked markers to with the stem-rot resistance.Not Availabl