Stereoelectronic and Catalytic Properties of Chiral Cyclometalated Phospha-palladium and -platinum Complexes

The stereoelectronic properties of palladium­(II) and platinum­(II) complexes containing <i>ortho</i>-metalated (1-(diphenylphosphino)­ethyl)­naphthalene were examined by X-ray crystallography in the solid state and by NMR spectroscopy in solution. The studies revealed that the aromatic carbon induced a significantly stronger electronic <i>trans</i>-influence than the phosphorus donor within the same five-membered chelate. Both the organopalladium and organoplatinum chelate complexes were formed with classical hard oxygen and soft phosphorus donor atoms. Computational studies further confirmed the observations in the solid state and solution that the C–metal bond in the <i>trans</i> C–Pt–O moiety has a stronger π-character than that in the <i>trans</i> C–Pt–P moiety. Both organometallic units are efficient catalysts for the asymmetric P–H addition reaction. They showed almost identical efficiency in dichloromethane, but their reactivity in THF is markedly different

Combined effects of temperature and algal density on the life history characteristics in <i>Brachionus angularis</i> and <i>Keratella Valga</i>

Temperature and food density are the most important factors influencing the population dynamics of rotifers. In the present study, the effects of temperature and food concentration on the developmental durations, egg ratio, and life-table demography in Brachionus angularis and Keratella valga were studied at four temperatures (15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C) and four food levels (0.5 × 106, 1.0 × 106, 2.0 × 106 and 3.0 × 106 cells/mL Scenedesmus obliquus). The results showed significant effects of both temperature and food concentration, independently and interactively on the embryonic development (ED), juvenile period (JP), average lifespan (LS), generation time (T) and intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) in B. angularis, while the ED, life expectancy at hatching (e0), LS, T and rm in K. valga. In all conditions, the number of eggs per female and rm in B. angularis were higher than those in K. valga. These results suggested that B. angularis might be more suitable to mass culture in aquaculture than K. valga, and a potential prey for fish larvae in freshwater aquaculture.</p

Stereoelectronic and Catalytic Properties of Chiral Cyclometalated Phospha-palladium and -platinum Complexes

The stereoelectronic properties of palladium­(II) and platinum­(II) complexes containing <i>ortho</i>-metalated (1-(diphenylphosphino)­ethyl)­naphthalene were examined by X-ray crystallography in the solid state and by NMR spectroscopy in solution. The studies revealed that the aromatic carbon induced a significantly stronger electronic <i>trans</i>-influence than the phosphorus donor within the same five-membered chelate. Both the organopalladium and organoplatinum chelate complexes were formed with classical hard oxygen and soft phosphorus donor atoms. Computational studies further confirmed the observations in the solid state and solution that the C–metal bond in the <i>trans</i> C–Pt–O moiety has a stronger π-character than that in the <i>trans</i> C–Pt–P moiety. Both organometallic units are efficient catalysts for the asymmetric P–H addition reaction. They showed almost identical efficiency in dichloromethane, but their reactivity in THF is markedly different

DataSheet1.zip

<p>NAD(H) and NADP(H) are essential co-enzymes which dominantly control a number of fundamental biological processes by acting as reducing power and maintaining the intracellular redox balance of all life kingdoms. As the only enzymes that catalyze NAD(H) and ATP to synthesize NADP(H), NAD Kinases (NADKs) participate in many essential metabolic reactions, redox sensitive regulation, photosynthetic performance and also reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis of cells and therefore, play crucial roles in both development and stress responses of plants. NADKs are highly conserved enzymes in amino acid sequences but have multiple subcellular localization and diverse functions. They may function as monomers, dimers or multimers in cells but the enzymatic properties in plants are not well elucidated yet. The activity of plant NADK is regulated by calcium/calmodulin and plays crucial roles in photosynthesis and redox co-enzyme control. NADK genes are expressed in almost all tissues and developmental stages of plants with specificity for different members. Their transcripts can be greatly stimulated by a number of environmental factors such as pathogenic attack, irritant applications and abiotic stress treatments. Using transgenic approaches, several studies have shown that NADKs are involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic efficiency, oxidative stress protection, hormone metabolism and signaling regulation, and therefore contribute to the growth regulation and stress tolerance of plants. In this review, the enzymatic properties and functional mechanisms of plant NADKs are thoroughly investigated based on literature and databases. The results obtained here are greatly advantageous for further exploration of NADK function in plants.</p

Additional file 1 of ZBP-89 and Sp1 contribute to Bak expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Table S1. Table summary of available patient and chemotherapy information. The supplemental table showed individual HCC patient and treatment one received, and also the therapy duration time since the initial treatment. (XLSX 12 kb