5,218 research outputs found

    Modeling of physical processes in radio-frequency plasma thrusters

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    This Thesis presents an investigation of the plasma-wave interaction in Helicon Plasma Thrusters (HPT). The HPT is a new concept of electric space propulsion, which generates plasmas with RF heating and provides thrust by the electrodeless acceleration of plasmas in a magnetic nozzle. An in-depth and extensive literature review of the state of the art of the models and experiments of plasma-wave interaction in helicon plasma sources and thrusters is carried out. Then, a theoretical and numerical study of plasma-wave interaction is presented. Models for homogeneous (0D), radially inhomogeneous (1D) and axisymmetric (2D) plasma columns are derived and implemented into numerical codes. A parametric analysis of all the relevant design and operational variables in the HPT is performed with the 1D code, showing the influence of the plasma density, magnetic field strength, wave frequency, antenna shape and geometry of the problem. The 2D analysis focuses on the importance of plasma non-homogeneities and, in particular, the influence of the plasma plume expanding to the downstream of the source on the electromagnetic wave propagation and absorption. Results of this Thesis are expected to help guiding the design of future optimal HPT devices.Esta Tesis presenta una investigación sobre la interacción onda-plasma en motores de plasma de tipo helicón (HPT, por sus siglas en inglés). El HPT es un nuevo concepto de propulsión espacial eléctrica, que genera un plasma por calentamiento RF y proporciona empuje por aceleración sin electrodos en una tobera magnética. Se desarrolla en primer lugar un profundo y extenso análisis de la literatura existente con el estado del arte en modelado y experimentos sobre fuentes y motores helicón. Seguidamente, se presenta un estudio teórico y numérico de la interacción onda-plasma. Se derivan la relación de dispersión 0D, un modelo radial 1D de ondas, y un modelo 2D de ondas, los cuales han sido implementados en sendos códigos numéricos. Se desarrolla un análisis paramétrico en todas las variables relevantes de diseño y operación con el código 1D, mostrando la influencia de la densidad del plasma, la intensidad del campo magnético, la frecuencia de la onda, la forma de la antena y la geometría del problema. El análisis 2D se centra en la importancia de las variaciones en las propiedades del plasma y, en particular, en el efecto que tiene la presencia de un chorro de plasma aguas abajo de la fuente en la propagación y absorción de la onda electromagnética. Se espera que los resultados de esta Tesis ayuden a guiar el diseño de futuros dispositivos HPT óptimos.Programa Oficial de Doctorado en Plasmas y Fusión NuclearPresidente: José Javier Honrubia Checa.- Secretario: Pablo Fajardo Peña.- Vocal: Fernando Martín Jiméne

    The Supersymmetric Standard Models with a Pseudo-Dirac Gluino from Hybrid FF- and DD-Term Supersymmetry Breakings

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    We propose the Supersymmetric Standard Models (SSMs) with a pseudo-Dirac gluino from hybrid FF- and DD-term supersymmetry (SUSY) breakings. Similar to the SSMs before the LHC, all the supersymmetric particles in the Minimal SSM (MSSM) obtain the SUSY breaking soft terms from the traditional gravity mediation and have masses within about 1 TeV except gluino. To evade the LHC SUSY search constraints, the gluino also has a heavy Dirac mass above 3 TeV from DD-term SUSY breaking. Interestingly, such a heavy Dirac gluino mass will not induce the electroweak fine-tuning problem. We realize such SUSY breakings via an anomalous U(1)XU(1)_X gauge symmetry inspired from string models. To maintain the gauge coupling unification and increase the Higgs boson mass, we introduce extra vector-like particles. We study the viable parameter space which satisfies all the current experimental constraints, and present a concrete benchmark point. This kind of models not only preserves the merits of pre-LHC SSMs such as naturalness, dark matter, etc, but also solves the possible problems in the SSMs with Dirac gauginos due to the FF-term gravity mediation.Comment: 6 pages,3 figures,revised versio
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