Burnout Status at Work among Health Care Professionals in aTertiary Hospital

Background: Burnout is a physical, physiological and psychological stress reaction syndrome Caused by long-term exposure to intense work-related emotional and interpersonal pressures. There is no evidence on the issue in Ethiopian setting.Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 403 health care providers. Burnout was detected using Copenhagen’s burnout inventory tool. Other structured questionnaire on work-related condition and substance use habits was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of burnout at work.Result: Of all the study participants, 36.7% scored above the mean level of burnout. Highest prevalence (82.8%) of burnout status was found among nurses. The least prevalence of burnout was observed among laboratory technicians which was 2.8% (n=4). Job insecurity, history of physical illness, low interest in profession, poor relationship status with managers, worry of contracting infection or illness and physical/verbal abuse were found to be predictors of burnout.Conclusion: The prevalence of burnout at work was found to be high. The predictors were job insecurity, history of physical illness, low interest in profession, poor relationship status with managers, worry of contracting infection or illness and physical/verbal abuse.Keywords: Burnout, Health professionals, Occupational health, Work related factor

Acceptability and feasibility of peer-administered group interpersonal therapy for depression for people living with HIV/AIDS—a pilot study in Northwest Ethiopia

Background Psychological treatments are widely tested and have been effective in treating depressive symptoms. However, implementation of psychological treatments in the real world and in diverse populations remains difficult due to several interacting barriers. In this study, we assessed the acceptability and feasibility of peer-administered group interpersonal therapy for depressive symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS in Northwest Ethiopia. Method We conducted a single-arm, peer-administered, group interpersonal therapy intervention with eight weekly sessions from 15 August to 15 December 2019 among people living with HIV/AIDS in Northwest Ethiopia. Four interpersonal therapy groups were formed for the intervention with a total of 31 participants. Results Of the 31 recruited participants, 29 completed the intervention providing a retention rate of 93.5%. The process of the intervention and its outcomes were highly acceptable as most participants expressed success in resolving their psychosocial problems, adjusting to life changes and coping with stigma. The intervention was also reported to be feasible despite anticipated barriers such as access to transportation, perceived stigma and confidentiality concerns. The post-intervention assessment revealed significant reduction in depressive symptoms (mean difference (MD) = 9.92; t =  − 7.82; 95% CI, − 12.54, − 7.31; p < 0.001), improvement in perceived social support (MD = 0.79; t = 2.84; 95% CI, 0.22, 1.37; p = 0.009) and quality of life (MD = 0.39; t = 4.58; 95% CI, 0.21, 0.56; p < 0.001). Conclusion Group interpersonal therapy is feasible and acceptable, and people living with HIV/AIDS can benefit from group interpersonal therapy in managing depressive symptoms and in improving perceived social support and quality of life. Future studies should examine the effectiveness of group interpersonal therapy in this setting

Internalized Stigma among Patients with Mental Illness Attending Psychiatric Follow-Up at Dilla University Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Background. This study tried to reflect evidences regarding internalized stigma and assessed risk factors of internalized stigma. Objective. It aims to assess the magnitude, domains, and covariates of internalized stigma among patients with mental illness in southern Ethiopia. Methods. The study was carried out by using a cross-sectional study design at Dilla University Referral Hospital (DURH). A total of 317 patients with mental illness were involved. Internalized stigma was measured using Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were done. Result. The prevalence of internalized stigma was 32.1% among people living with mental illness in Dilla University Referral Hospital. Being female, medication nonadherence, and lack of family support were factors independently associated with internalized stigma. Conclusion. The results of this study found an intermediate prevalence of internalized stigma among people living with mental illness in Dilla University Referral Hospital (DURH). It revealed how much antistigma campaigns are so much important to tackle internalized stigma among people living with mental illness. Incorporating counseling and structured therapy played an important role in maximizing their quality of life

Adaptation of the WHO group interpersonal therapy for people living with HIV/AIDS in Northwest Ethiopia: A qualitative study.

BackgroundPsychological treatments improve depressive symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Adaptation of treatments should be based on explanatory models of depression and other elements within the given context.AimThis study aimed to examine explanatory models of depression and acceptable approaches for implementation of group IPT in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsQualitative data were collected from April to May 2019 from case managers, adherence supporters and service users using focus group discussion and analysed thematically.ResultsPLWHA attributed depression to psychosocial problems, spiritual factors and biological factors. Depression had several impacts at individual and family level. Group-based interpersonal therapy (IPT) was acceptable if provided by trained peer counselors.ConclusionThe current study findings informed how to conduct feasibility and acceptability trials of group IPT in the HIV population in Ethiopia

Gender-based violence and its associated factors among internally displaced women in Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Gender-based violence (GBV) is a common human right violence in conflict-affected communities. Women with GBV are prone to experience mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. However, there is a paucity of evidence as to what extent the problem is affecting internally displaced women (IDW) in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of GBV and its associated factors among IDW in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among IDW residing at three humanitarian sites from May to June 2022 in Northwest Ethiopia. Study participants were selected using a stratified simple random sampling technique from the three sites. GBV was assessed using a 6-item Assessment Screen to Identify Survivors Toolkit questionnaire for Gender-based violence (ASIST-GBV). Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. All variables with a p-value of ≤ 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were defined to have a statistically significant association with GBV at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Of 424 approached candidates, 412 (97.2%) of them participated in the study. A one-year prevalence of GBV was 37.9% (95%CI = 33.2–42.6) among IDW in Northwest Ethiopia. The mean age of the participants was 31.3 (± 7.6) years. Young women, 18–24 years old (AOR = 3.52, 95%CI = 2.15–5.34, p ≤ 0.001) and 25–29 years old (AOR = 2.41, 95%CI = 1.57–3.24, p ≤ 0.001) had a statistically significant association with GBV. Moreover, having no social protection (AOR = 3.18, 95%CI = 2.65–6.22, p ≤ 0.001), being current alcohol user (AOR = 2.54, 95%CI = 1.22–4.78, p ≤ 0.001) and being single in marital status (AOR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.18–2.87, p < 0.01) showed a statistical association with GBV. Conclusion We found a high prevalence of GBV among IDW in Northwest Ethiopia which indicates that IDW are prone to GBV. We call for immediate action and special attention to young women in conflict-affected parts of Ethiopia. It is crucial to establish a system that ensures the safety, security, and well-being of women in humanitarian settings

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among PLHIV in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2017

Background. Depression is a substantial contributor to the global burden of disease and affects people in all communities across the globe. Depression is the most common psychiatric problem associated with HIV/AIDS and half of all PLWHIV with depression go underdiagnosed and untreated. Psychiatric complications of HIVAIDS delay mental health services in less affluent countries. However, there is lack of study with regard to the pooled estimation prevalence of depression in PLWHIV in Ethiopia. Objectives. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the most current available evidence from 2010 to March 2017 among adult PLWHIV in Ethiopia. Methods. The team explored multiple databases searching methods including MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Advance Scholar, and Google Scholar to find studies published with the data on the prevalence of depression among PLWHIV. We searched 150 research articles; of these 143 articles were excluded. Subsequently, thirteen articles were used for synthesis prevalence and four studies were included in the synthesis effect of sex on depression among PLWHIV. Results. The total of pooled estimated prevalence of depression in PLWHIV was 36.65. Estimated prevalence of depression in three studies by using CES-D was 31.19% and in six studies by using PHQ-9 was 37.91%. The remaining four studies used a single tool: Kessler-6 Scale (15.5%), HADS (41.2%), HDSQ (43.9%), and BDI (55.8%). Factors such as age, marital status, living alone, poor medication adherence, poor social support, clinical stages II and III of HIV, stigma, income, and occupation were significantly associated with depression. Conclusions and Recommendation. The pooled estimate prevalence of depression among PLWHIV was higher than that in the general population. It is better to offer special attention to these populations

Major depressive disorder and its association with adherence to antiretroviral therapy and quality of life: cross-sectional survey of people living with HIV/AIDS in Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract Background Major depression is believed to affect treatment adherence and overall quality of life (QoL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Comorbid major depression contributes to a two-fold higher risk of mortality among PLWHA. Understanding the relationships of major depression, adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and QoL is important to identify areas for intervention. The aim of this study is to examine relationship of major depressive disorder (MDD) and adherence to ART with QoL, and to investigate socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with MDD, adherence and QoL among PLWHA in Northwest Ethiopia. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in the ART clinic of Felege-Hiwot referral hospital in Northwest Ethiopia from July to October 2019. Adult PLWHA were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using interview administered questionnaires and chart reviews. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and WHOQOL-HIV-BREF-Eth instruments were used to measure MDD and QoL respectively. Adherence to ART was assessed using pill count data from patients’ adherence monitoring chart. Univariate and multivariate Poisson regressions were used to assess associations of socio-demographic and clinical factors with MDD and adherence to ART. A multivariate linear regression was used to examine the associations of both MDD and adherence with overall QoL. Result Of the total of 393 invited participants, 391 (99.5%) completed the interviews. MDD was negatively associated with overall QoL: participants with MDD had a lower QoL score of 0.17 points compared to those with no MDD. MDD was associated with reduced adherence to ART when functional disability was controlled (RR = 1.43; 95%CI = 1.05, 1.96; p = 0.025). However, there was no statistical association between adherence to ART and overall QoL. Functional disability was associated with both MDD (RR = 5.07; 95%CI = 3.27,7.86; p < 0.001) and overall QoL (β = 0.29; 95%CI = 0.21,0.36; p < 0.001). Conclusion The relationship between MDD and QoL indicates the need for feasible, acceptable and evidence-based mental health interventions to reduce depression and improve overall QoL of PLWHA. We recommend future studies investigate causal relationships of MDD, adherence to ART and QoL of PLWHA to better understand priority areas for intervention