Optimized Hybrid Optical Communication System for First Mile and Last Mile Problem Solution of Today's Optical Network

AbstractWe have proposed an optimized hybrid optical communication system for bit-rates of 160Gbps/channel, 100Gbps/channel and 40Gbps/channel. The system composed of 8-channel dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) fiber optic link for longhaul, and wireless optical diffused link for short-haul, multicasting applications. The use of wireless optical diffused links at either end, solve the today's first mile and last mile problem of optical communication network. The wireless optical diffused link uses the optimized coherent optical quadrature phase shift keying modulation technique, as it offers the best performance in the presence of atmospheric turbulence effect. However, the fiber based DWDM system uses symmetrical dispersion compensation technique, with optimized modified duo-binary return-to-zero modulation format as it performs the best, in the presence of fiber non-linearity and dispersion. The system operates with the centre frequency of 193.1THz. The system performance is analyzed in terms of quality-factor, bit error rate, eye opening etc. For the bit rate of 160Gbps, the optimized coverage distance found is 126m of wireless optical diffused link and 450km of fiber optic link. The proposed system will be highly useful for present and next generation long distance optical communication systems and computer networks

A Cost-Effective Method for Design Installation and Maintenance of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation System to Meet the Household Energy Requirement

Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) power generation system is becoming a popular and alternative technology to full fill the requirement of household electric power. The operation and maintenance cost of a typical SPV power generation system is too low at the household level, whereas the initial investment or installation cost of such systems is comparatively too high. Although the SPV power generation system uses free and renewable energy to generate eco-friendly electricity, due to the high initial investment, slow response of service assistance for technical support during the system failure, maintenance, troubleshooting, lack of basic troubleshooting and maintenance knowledge of the end-users are some of the primary reasons for reducing the popularity and faith on SPV power generation technology in the household level. In this paper, an elaborate explanation of design, installation, commissioning, maintenance, and troubleshooting methods have been briefly described to set up an indigenous and cost-effective solar photovoltaic power generation system to meet the electricity demand for basic household requirements with an individual effort