Efficacy Of A Whey Protein Concentrate On The Inhibition Of Stomach Ulcerative Lesions Caused By Ethanol Ingestion

The purpose of this research was to test the ability of a whey protein concentrate (WPC) to inhibit gastric mucosal ulcerative lesions caused by oral administration to rats of absolute ethanol. Acute administration (single doses) of WPC resulted in 41% inhibition of the ulcerative lesion index (ULI), and 73% inhibition was obtained with repetitive doses. In a 10-days subchronic treatment study, the inhibition was 64%, all relative to a saline treatment (negative control). Alkylation of sulfhydryl compounds by subcutaneous injection of N-ethylmaleimide essentially eliminated the WPC protection. Treating the rats with an intraperitoneal injection of butathionine sulfoximine, which inhibits glutathione synthesis, reduced WPC protection to 35% and 52% for single and double doses, respectively. Taken as a whole, the results indicate that WPC does protect gastric mucosa from ethanol damage and that the protection depends on sulfhydryl compounds present in the WPC, including its capacity to stimulate glutathione synthesis.54221228Bounous, G., Kongshavn, P.A.L., Gold, P., The immunoenhancing property of dietary whey protein concentrate (1988) Clin Invest Med, 4, pp. 271-278Kennedy, R.S., Knok, G.P., Bounous, G., Baruchel, S., Lee, T.D.G., The use of a whey protein concentrate in the treatment of patients with metastatic carcinoma: Phase I-II clinical study (1995) Anticancer Res, 15, pp. 2643-2650Parodi, P.W., A role of milk protein in cancer prevention (1998) Austr J Dairy Technol, 53, pp. 37-47Bounous, G., Baruchel, S., Falutz, J., Gold, P., Whey proteins as a food supplement in HIV-serropositive individuals (1993) Clin Invest Med, 16, pp. 204-209McIntosh, G.H., Royle, P.J., Le Leu, P.K., Whey protein as functional ingredients? (1998) Int Dairy J, 8, pp. 425-434Brink, W., Protein that fights disease and extends lifespan (1996) Life Extension Report, JANUARY, pp. 21-28Brink, W., The wonders of whey (1999) Life Extension Report, MAY, pp. 35-38Bounous, G., Batist, G., Gold, P., Immunoenhancing property of dietary whey protein in mice: Role of glutathione (1989) Clin Invest Med, 12, pp. 154-161Sgarbieri, V.C., Rangel, H.A., Zinsly, P.F., Pacheco, M.T.B., Dias, N.F.G.P., Novel nutritional and physiological functions of milk proteins (2000) Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Food Science and Technology, pp. 196-210. , Wuxi, ChinaHiroishi, H., Terano, A., Ota, S., Protection of cultured rat gastric cells against oxidant-induced damage by exogenous glutathione (1994) Gastroenterology, 5, pp. 1199-1207Hiroishi, H., Shimada, T., Ivey, K.J., Terano, A., Role of anti-oxidant defenses against ethanol-induced damage in cultures of rat gastric epithelial cells (1999) J Pharm Exp Ther, 289, pp. 103-109Gamberini, M.T., Skorupa, L.A., Souccar, C., Lapa, A.J., Inhibition of gastric secretion by a water extract from Baccharis triptera Mart (1991) Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 86, pp. 137-139Dias, P.C., Flogio, M.A., Possenti, A., Carvalho, J.E., Anti-ulcerogenic activity of crude hidroalcoholic extract of Rosmarinus afficinalis, L (2000) J Ethnopharmacol, 69, pp. 57-62Borges, P.F.Z., Sgarbieri, V.C., Dias, N.F.G.P., Jacobucci, H.B., Pacheco, M.T.B., Baldini, V.L.S., Produção piloto de concentrados de proteína de leite bovino: Composição e valor nutritivo (2001) Braz Food Technol, 4, pp. 1-8Robert, A., Cytoprotection by prostaglandins (1979) Gastroenterology, 77, pp. 761-767Szabo, S., Sulfhydryl compounds may mediate gastric cytoprotection (1981) Science, 214, pp. 201-202Baruchel, S., Wang, T., Farah, R., Jamali, M., Batist, G., In vivo modulation of tissue glutathione in a rat mammary carcinoma model (1995) Biochem Pharmacol, 50, pp. 1505-1508Dias, P.C., (1997) Atividade Anticulcerogênica dos Extratos Brutos e das Frações Semipurificadas de Artemisia Annua L, , Dissertação de Mestrado, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Campinas, 85 pLoguercio, L.C., Taranto, D., Beneduce, F., Glutathione prevents ethanol induced gastric mucosal damage and depletion of sulfhydryl compounds in humans (1993) Gut, 34, pp. 161-165Loguercio, L.C., Di Pierro, M., The role of glutathione in the gastrointestinal tract: A review (1999) Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 31, pp. 401-407Rastogi, L., Patnaik, G.K., Dikshit, M., Free radicals and antioxidant status following pylorus ligation induced gastric mucosal injury in rats (1998) Pharmacol Res, 38, pp. 125-132Robert, A., Eberle, D., Kaplowitz, N., Role of glutathione mucosal cytoprotection (1984) Am J Physiol, 247, pp. 296-304Bounous, G., Gold, P., The biological activity of undenatured dietary whey protein: Role of glutathione (1991) Clin Invest Med, 14, pp. 296-309Matsumoto, H., Shimokawa, Y., Ushida, Y., Toida, T., Hayasawa, H., New biological function of bovine alpha-lactalbumin: Protective effect against ethanoland stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats (2001) Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 65, pp. 1104-111

Protective Effect Of Bovine Milk Whey Protein Concentrate On The Ulceratire Lesions Caused By Subcutaneous Administration Of Indomethacin

The protective effect of a whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied in three models of stomach ulcerative lesions induction: subcutaneous injection of indomethacin, and stress induced by either intraperitoneal injection of reserpine, or immobilization and holding in the cold (4°C, 2 hours). Adult Wistar rats (300-400 g) were used for acute (single-dose), repetitive, or subchronic (10 days) administration of WPC prior to treatment with the ulcerogenic factors. The best protection was achieved in the indomethacin model for repetitive and subchronic experiments, reaching 50.1% and 44%, respectively, inhibition of the ulcerative lesions, which was significant at 1% probability (P .05) compared with saline (negative control).73309314Dial, E.J., Lichtenberger, L.M., Milk protection against experimental ulcerogenesis in rats (1987) Dig Dis Sci, 10, pp. 1145-1150McIntosh, G.H., Royle, P.J., Le Leu, R.K., Rogester, G.O., Johnson, M.A., Grinsted, R.L., Renward, R.S., Smithers, G.W., Whey protein as functional food ingredients? (1998) Int Dairy J, 51, pp. 425-434Parodi, P.W., A role for milk protein in cancer prevention (1998) Aust J Dairy Technol, 53, pp. 37-47Sgarbieri, V.C., Food protein and peptides presenting specific protection to human health (1999) Food for Health in the Pacific Rim, pp. 335-352. , Food and Nutrition Press, Inc., Trumbull, CTMatsumoto, H., Shimokawa, Y., Ushida, Y., Toida, T., Hayasawa, H., New biological function of bovine α-lactalbumin: Protective effect against ethanol and stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats (2001) Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 65, pp. 1104-1111Dias, P.C., Flogio, M.A., Possenti, A., Carvalho, J.E., Antiulcerogenic activity of crude hidroalcoholic extract of Rismarinus officinalis L (2000) J Ethnopharmacol, 69, pp. 57-62Borges, P.F.Z., Sgarbieri, V.C., Jacobucci, H.B., Pacheco, M.T.B., Baldini, V.L.S., Produ̧ão piloto de proteína de leite bovino: Composi̧ão e valor nutritivo (2001) Braz J Food Technol, 4, pp. 1-8Bounous, G., Gervais, F., Amer, V., Batist, G., Gold, P., The influence of dietary whey protein on tissue glutathione and diseases of aging (1989) Clin Invest Med, 12, pp. 343-349Bounous, G., Gold, P., The biological activity of undenatured dietary whey protein: Role of glutathione (1991) Clin Invest Med, 14, pp. 296-309Katory, M., Majima, M., Multiple role of inducible cyclooxigenase-2 and its selective inhibitors (1997) Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi, 109, pp. 247-258Bighetti, A.E., (1999) Atividade Anticulcerogênica do Extrato Bruto e da Cumarina Isolada da Mikania laevigata Schultz Bip, , [disserta̧ão de mestrado em Farmacologia], Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, BrazilGamberini, M.T., Skorupa, L.A., Soucar, C., Lapa, A.J., Inhibition of gastric secretion by a water extract from Baccharis triptera Mart (1991) Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 86 (SUPPL. II), pp. 137-139Levine, R.J., A method for rapid production of stress ulcers in rats (1971) Peptic Ulcer, pp. 92-97. , (Pfeiffer CJ, ed.), Munksgaard, CopenhagenGupta, M.B., Tangri, K.K., Bhargava, K.P., Mechanism of ulcerogenic activity of reserpine in albino rats (1974) J Pharmacol, 27, pp. 269-271Konturek, S.J., Pawlik, W., Physiology and pharmacology of prostaglandins (1986) Dig Dis Sci, 31 (SUPPL.), pp. 6S-19SKatori, M., Majima, M., Multiple roles of inducible cycloxigenase-2 and its selective inhibitors (1997) Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi, 109, pp. 247-258Morimoto, Y., Shimohara, K., Oshima, S., Kakayuki, S., Effects of the new antiulcer agent KB-5492 on experimental gastric mucosal lesion and gastric mucosal defensive factors, as compared to those of trepenone and cimetidine (1991) Jpn J Pharmacol, 57, pp. 495-505Das, D., Banerjee, R.K., Effects of stress on the antioxidant enzymes and gastric ulceration (1993) Mol Cell Biochem, 125, pp. 115-125Gupta, M.B., Tangri, K.K., Bhargova, K.P., Mechanism of ulcerogenic activity of reserpine in albino rats (1974) Eur J Pharmacol, 27, pp. 269-271Rosaneli, C.F., Bighetti, A.E., Antônio, M.A., Carvalho, J.E., Sgarbieri, V.C., Efficacy of a whey protein concentrate on the inhibition of stomach ulcerative lesions caused by ethanol ingestion (2002) J Med Food, 5, pp. 225-23