EFFECTS OF ETHANOL AND GIBBERELLIC ACID COMBINATIONS ON PAPAYA (Carica papaya) SEEDLINGS GROWTH

Papaya seedlings (cv.'Sunrise') were produced under greenhouse conditions to determine the effects of combinations of varying ethanol and gibberellic acid-3 (GA3) concentrations on papaya shoot height, leaf number, leaf area, and shoot dry weight. Seedlings were grown in 0.5-L plastic containers filled with a potting medium composed of 50% vermiculite, 30% periite, and 20% spaghnum peat (v/v). When seedlings were 10 cm tall and had two-true leaves, foliar sprays of ethanol (0, 5, 10, 15 or 20% v/v) and G A3 (0, 10, 20 and 30 ppm w/v) combinations were applied using a 5-mL solution volume. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with seven replications. Ethanol and GA3 concentrations interactively influenced plant height (P0.05) on leaf number, whereas only ethanol rates affected papaya leaf area, with maximum area obtained with 5% ethanol (+32.6%). No significant ethanol by GA3 interactions (P>0.05) were observed for shoot dry weight. However, both factors individually influenced shoot dry weight. Leaf area, plant height, and seedling dry weight was higher when plants were treated with solutions containing 5% ethanol than when other rates were used, yielding 42.6% higher shoot dry weight than the untreated control. In fact, plants receiving rates of 10% ethanol or higher had a dry matter loss of at least 30% compared to untreated seedlings

Chemical Characterization of Tomato Industry Wastewater, Florida, United States

Blanchet Adrien. Château des Comtes, à Gand. In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 65, année 1901. p. 379

YIELD REDUCTIONS CAUSED BY SELECTED WEEDS IN LOWLAND POTATO IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

Field experiments were conducted to assess the yield loss caused by seasonlong interference of selected weeds in lowland potato. Naturally occurring weed mixtures and densities were used. Potato yield loss due to the interference of Euphorbia heterophylla (1 plant/m2), Phyllanthus spp., Boerhavia spp. (0.5 plant/m2 each), Portulaca oleracea (7 plants/m2) or Eleusine indica (2 plants/m2) was not significant. Parthenium spp., Amaranthus spp. and Rottboellia exaltata (5 plants/m2 each) caused 55, 50 and 28% yield reduction, respectively. Mixtures of Parthenium, Amaranthus and Euphorbia (mixture 1) reduced potato yield by 70%, Rottboellia, Eleusine and Euphorbia combined (mixture 2) caused a 34% yield decrease, and mixed stands of Phyllanthus, Eleusine, Boerhavia (mixture 3) and Portulaca reduced potato yield by 14%. Results indicate that interactions among the weed species in mixtures 1 and 2 occurred, since yield losses caused by weed mixtures do not follow an non-interactive (neutral or additive) model of yield reductions, whereas mixture 3 did

EVALUACION DE CLONES DE PLATANO (Musa AAB) EN LA ZONA DE AZUA

Con el objetivo de comparer la productividad y las caracteristicas de producciôn de varios clones e hibridos de plàtano en el llano costero de Azua, se instalaron estudios de plâtano para ser evaluados durante las temporadas de 1997 y 1998. Los clones e hibridos evaluados fiieron Macho por Hembra Verde, Macho por Hembra Morado, Hembra Morado, Liborio, Macho Barahonero, FHIA-21 y Agbagba. Los resultados de rendimiento en la primera y segunda cosecha muestran que FHIA-21 superô los clones locales y el clon introducido Agbagba durante ambas cosechas, alcanzando un peso promedio de racimo de 23.8 y 14.3 kg. El mayor nûmero de frutos fue obtenido por el clon FHIA-21, seguido de los clones Hembra Morado y Macho χ Hembra. Los clones Macho χ Hembra Verde, Macho Barahonero y Agbagba presentaron promedios que cumplen los paramétras de calidad en cuanto a longitud y diàmetro de frutos exigidos para el mercado local y exportation. Los clones nativos de plâtanos, Macho χ Hembra Verde, Macho Barahonero y Liborio, superaron el rendimiento promedio obtenido en la zona de Azua. El hibrido FHIA-21 ha mostrado una baja proportion de frutos comerciales con los estandares locales