A comparative study of fatty acids profile of two Indian major carps (Gibelion catla, Hamilton, 1822 and Cirrhinus mrigala, Hamilton, 1822) using value added fish feed

Freshwater fishes are not only a major source of protein but they also possess nutritionally valuable lipids in the form of Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which play a crucial role in the normal growth, disease prevention, development, cardiovascular health and reproduction of human. The present study was performed to determine the incorporation rate of fatty acids profile and their composition in two common freshwater carps as Gibelion catla and Cirrhinus mrigala (in situ trial and experimental) in the different experimental time period (0 days, i.e. initial, 90 days and 180 days) by using of value added feed like flaxseed (?-linolenic acids, 51.26% – 54.94%) and soybean oil (?-linolenic acids, 7.95%-9.01%) as omega-3 supplements. To determine the specific growth pattern Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) are analyzed where it showed positive allometric growth (b=3.20 in 90 days, b=3.11 in 180 days for Catla and b=3.18 in 90 days, b=3.1 in 180 days for Mrigala fish). The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method also confirmed that the percentages of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) increased significantly (P< 0.05) in experimental (0.096a±0.41, initial; 5.16a±0.27, 90 days; 6.21b±0.36, 180 days Catla fish species and 0.019a±0.96 initial; 3.74b±0.37, 90 days; 3.50a±0.46 180 days for Mrigal fish species) fishes rather than controls (4.28a±0.27, 90 days; 4.36b±0.36, 180 days for Catla species and 2.24b±0.31 90 days; 2.50a±0.11 180 days for Mrigal species). Therefore, it was clearly indicated that formulated diet performed significantly to maintain the positive allometric growth as well as successive enrichment of PUFAs in experimental specimens, which is beneficial for human health as high source of protein and PUFAs as well

Flexible Covalent Organic Frameworks: Design, Synthesis, and Applications

10.31635/ccschem.023.202303415CCS Chemistr

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Not AvailableGram-negative bacteria is the main causative agents for columnaris disease outbreak to finfishes. The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) candidate of Flavobacterium columnare bacterial cell served a critical component for cellular invasion targeted to the eukaryotic cell and survival inside the macrophages. Therefore, OMPs considered as the supreme element for the development of promising vaccine against F. columnare. Implies advanced in silico approaches, the predicted 3-D model of targeted OMPs were characterized by the Swiss model server and validated through Procheck programs and Protein Structure Analysis (ProSA) web server. The protein sequences having B-cell binding sites were preferred from sequence alignment; afterwards the B cell epitopes prediction was prepared using the BCPred and amino acid pairs (AAP) prediction algorithms modules of BCPreds. Consequently, the selected antigenic amino acids sequences (B-cell epitopic regions) were analyzed for T-cell epitopes determination (MHC I and MHC II alleles binding sequence) performing the ProPred 1 and ProPred server respectively. The epitopes (9 mer: IKKYEPAPV, YGPNYKWKF and YRGLNVGTS) within the OMPs binds to both of the MHC classes (MHC I and MHC II) and covered highest number of MHC alleles are characterized. OMPs of F. columnare being conserved across serotypes and highly immunogenic for their exposed epitopes on the cell surface as a potent candidate focus to vaccine development for combating the disease problems in commercial aquaculture. The portrayed epitopes might be beneficial for practical designing of abundant peptide-based vaccine development against the columnaris through boosting up the advantageous immune responses. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single stranded non-coding RNAs that performed significant role in post-transcriptional regulation of target gene product. They are typically conserved among the organisms and also involved in multiple biological processes by degrading the targeted mRNAs by suppression or destabilization. Their conserved nature in various organisms provide a good source of miRNA identification and characterization using comparative genomic approaches through the bio-computational tools. The present work highlighted about common carp’s (Cyprinus carpio) conserved miRNAs which were identified and characterized using some bioinformatical strategies based on miRBase, Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) and Genomic Survey Sequence (GSS) databases. Using web based tools total 10 selected miRNAs belongs to 10 different families were illustrated and functionally categorized in Cyprinus carpio. Which have elemental role in regulation and expression of gene-protein interaction specially focused in biological processes of carp. Through real time application of mature miRNA sequences as probe the effective targets for selected common carp miRNAs were detected and catagorised using local BLAST online program and miRBase software. Imperative miRNAs of Cyprinus carpio are indentified via miRBase database and cautiously characterized with the associated gene encoded target protein. Those proteins having a key regulatory role in cellular signal transduction, transcription factor and associated biomolecules responsible for the metabolism, growth and development of carp skeletal muscle as well as preconditioning of skeletal myoblasts components. These selected miRNAs and their targets in common carp may enhance the better understanding and knowhow of miRNAs as superior role in regulating the metabolism, growth and developmental factors of Cyprinus carpio.Not Availabl

A cross-sectional study on water quality in relation to fish diversity of Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India through geoinformatics approaches

Water parameters in different Community Development Blocks of Paschim Medinipur District have been studied with monthly interval from June-2013 to May-2016. Water samples collected from the different freshwater bodies of the study area are being analyzed. There has been a significant difference in water parameters among the 29 number of Blocks. The temperature varies from 29.1 °C to 35.9 °C, pH ranges from 6.2 to 8.5, DO ranges from 2.16 ppm to 4.9 ppm, and turbidity ranges from 9.86 NTU to 38.4 NTU. Through these present observations, total 76 freshwater fish species have been identified belonging to 8 orders, 23 families and 48 genera. The taxonomic status and conservation status have been scientifically classified and tabulated. Using GPS devices the areas of investigation have been geocoded and mapped through GIS technique which clearly shows that 5 Blocks have the highest, 12 Blocks have moderate and remaining 12 Blocks have lowest freshwater fish species diversity. Present study concluded that the fish culture in this district have high potential due to the existence of extensive aquatic bodies. Proper management, awareness and scientific culture practices may have better impact on ray-finned fish diversity in the Paschim Medinipur District, West Bengal, India