Smartphone Enabled Nonintrusive T&D Detection

Now-a-days the most top dangerous behaviors for drivers is Texting-while-Driving(T&D).There has been many mobile phone applications and interesting systems that have been used to detect and reduce T&D. However, to make the System practical, there must be a key property that will be used to distinguish Driver�s mobile phone from passenger�s. There are many existing solutions to this problem which involve user�s manual input, or utilize specific localization devices to determine driver�s location. Contrast to all of this solution, In this paper, we propose a method which automatically detect T&D without using any additional devices. The basic idea of our system is when a user is using the mobile phone, the smart phone embedded sensors (i.e., gyroscopes, accelerometers) will collect the connected information that includes touch-strokes, holding orientation and vehicle speed. . The collective information will then be examined to see if there exists any specific T&D patterns. In addition with the infrastructure free and high accuracy, the method does not access the content of messages and therefore is privacy-preserving

Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacities and Total Polyphenols in Various Edible Parts of Capparis spinosa L. Collected from Trans-Himalayas

The phytochemical screening, antioxidant capacity, and total polyphenols in the methanolic extract of leaves, flower buds, roots and fruits of Capparis spinosa collected from trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh were assessed in an effort to corroborate its medicinal and culinary potential. Highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity were observed in the leaves and least in dried fruit samples, even FRAP assay also illustrated the same trend. IC50 values of DPPH assay was highly correlated with that of ABTS (R2=0.9084) and FRAP assay (R2=0.9771). However, IC50 value of ABTS was reasonably correlated with FRAP assay (R2=0.5838). The highest phenolic and flavonoid content was recorded in the leaf samples (24.78 and 5.69 mg GAE/g DW respectively), whereas it was lowest in the dried fruit samples (4.07 mg quercetin equivalent/g DW and nil, respectively). The total phenolic contents were highly correlated with IC50 value of ABTS (R2=0.9084), DPPH (R2=0.9388) and FRAP value (R2=0.9618). But, total flavonoid contents were highly correlated with ABTS (R2=0.7449), DPPH (R2=0.8791) and FRAP values (R2=0.9588). Thus, this study has validated the medicinal potential of all the edible parts of the C. spinosa

Challenges and opportunities associated with waste management in India

India faces major environmental challenges associated with waste generation and inadequate waste collection, transport, treatment and disposal. Current systems in India cannot cope with the volumes of waste generated by an increasing urban population, and this impacts on the environment and public health. The challenges and barriers are significant, but so are the opportunities. This paper reports on an international seminar on ‘Sustainable solid waste management for cities: opportunities in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries’ organized by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute and the Royal Society. A priority is to move from reliance on waste dumps that offer no environmental protection, to waste management systems that retain useful resources within the economy. Waste segregation at source and use of specialized waste processing facilities to separate recyclable materials has a key role. Disposal of residual waste after extraction of material resources needs engineered landfill sites and/or investment in waste-to-energy facilities. The potential for energy generation from landfill via methane extraction or thermal treatment is a major opportunity, but a key barrier is the shortage of qualified engineers and environmental professionals with the experience to deliver improved waste management systems in India

Implementation of Multipath Routing Scheme for Detecting Malicious Node in MANET

ABSTRACT: Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) consists of mobile nodes that are connected via very dynamic multihop channels. Routing in MANET is a challenging task. This is primarily due to their infrastructure less property of MANET. In a MANET, each node not only works as a host but can also act as a router. While receiving data, nodes also need cooperation with each other to forward the data packets, thereby forming a wireless local area network. These great features also come with serious drawbacks from a security point of view. For instance, the presence and collaboration of malicious nodes in the network may disrupt the routing process, leading to a malfunctioning of the network operations. This work aims to identify the malicious nodes by using the novel approach called Acknowledge Based Route Discovery (ABRD), and also to provide alternative path using multipath routing algorithm, if such malicious node/nodes detected in routing path, during the route discovery. And also maintain blacklist of such malicious nodes so that all the nodes can be alerted not to use any route in which detected malicious node is participating. I. INTRODUCTION Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is an infrastructure less collection of mobile nodes that can arbitrarily change their geographic locations such that these networks have dynamic topologies and random mobility with constrained resources. Two nodes out of direct communication range need intermediate nodes to forward their messages. Due to multi-hop routing and open working environment, MANETs are vulnerable to attacks by selfish or malicious nodes, such as packet dropping (black-hole) attacks and selective forwarding (gray-hole) attacks. The most target area of research in mobile ad hoc networks is to provide a trusted environment and secure communication

Design Consideration Of Adjustable Height And Radial Belt Conveyor System

Abstract: In any industrial process, the product being manufactured passes through various phases and it needs to be transported from place to place. This could involve processes such as transporting of raw material to the machines and then shifting the machines from one station to another station and finally to the store or warehouse. This involves the use of material handling equipment. Simplest form of material handling is to take material from one place to another place manually or with the help of worker. In large production setups, where the production rates are high and the product to be handled is such that manual transportation is not possible, sophisticated material handling systems would be required This paper attempts to discuss the generalized design consideration for adjustable height and radial belt conveyor

“Design Consideration Of Pyrolysis Reactor For Production Of Bio-Oil”

Abstract — Conversion of agricultural residue to usable energy forms has gained much interest recently due to increase in energy cost as well as greater pressure on the environment by the use of fossil fuels. Thermo chemical conversion processes such as pyrolysis and gasification are some of the promising options that may be applied to effectively utilize agricultural wastes as source of energy production. In this experimental work, a fixed bed reactor is designed to evaluate the thermo chemical conversion process. This paper attempts to discuss the generalized design consideration for fixed bed pyrolysis reactor