Histiocytic Sarcoma of Tibia: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract Ajita Kendre Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare disorder and there has been a lot of confusion and debate regarding its diagnosis and treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 aided in the standardization of diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma; however, the treatment protocols are still not clear and the treatment is on the line of other hematological malignancies. This study intends to report a rare case of histiocytic sarcoma and the treatment protocol used and analysis of available literature. The usual sites of histiocytic sarcoma are the lymphoreticular system, skin, and gastrointestinal tract, but solitary bone involvement is rare. This disease being a localized one was treated locally with surgical curettage followed by radical radiation therapy. Systemic therapy was not offered to this patient and has been reserved in case a patient gets a systemic recurrence as done in most cases of B cell lymphoma. Based on follow-up until now, the patient is disease-free and doing well. Thus, this treatment protocol appears apt for this concerned patient; however, there is a need for a large-scale analysis of various reported cases to establish a standardized treatment protocol for this rare and aggressive disease

Meningioma and cavernous angioma following childhood radiotherapy

Prophylactic cranial irradiation has been a part of multimodality management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). With optimum treatment and the resultant long-term cure rates, long-term side effects of radiation including radiation-induced neoplasms have been increasingly unearthed. We report a rare case of development of both a meningioma and a cavernous angioma following prophylactic cranial irradiation as a part of treatment of ALL. Regular follow-up and high index of suspicion for late radiation sequelae after treatment are therefore justifiable in leukemia survivors with history of prophylactic cranial irradiation

Isolated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the pancreas: Case report and review of literature

Background: Isolated primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is a rare extra-lymphatic non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma comprising less than 1% of all extra-lymphatic lymphomas. It is seen in people of advanced age and there is a slight male preponderance. It is difficult to diagnose; the vague presenting symptoms and nonspecific laboratory/radiological findings make it difficult to differentiate the condition from pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Histopathological examination is of paramount importance to conclusively establish the diagnosis since the treatment involves lymphoma protocols, and prognosis and survival in PPL are considerably superior to that in adenocarcinoma pancreas. Case Report: We report a case of isolated PPL diagnosed after Tru-Cut biopsy and immunohistochemistry after a thorough staging workup. Result: The patient was treated with multi-agent combination chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. Discussion: A review of literature was done using a Medline search to determine the incidence and prevalence of isolated PPL and to note the diagnosis and management of previously reported cases. Conclusion: An exceedingly rare entity, isolated PPLs need to be differentiated from pancreatic adenocarcinomas by histopathological evaluation since management is on the lines of other extralymphatic lymphomas and prognosis is significantly better

The Outcomes of Radiosurgery for Arteriovenous Malformations—Experience of a Tertiary Cancer Center from India

Objectives This article assesses the treatment outcomes in the patients diagnosed with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 30 patients diagnosed with AVM treated between 2010 and 2018.The median age at presentation was 30 years (range: 14–60 years). The median planning target volume (PTV) was 6.8 mL (range: 0.9–54 mL). The median dose prescribed was 18 Gy (range: 16–24 Gy). Modified radiosurgery-based AVM grading score was calculated for all the patients. Results The median follow-up of the entire cohort was 60 months (range: 24–96 months). The obliteration rates for patients followed up for 3 and 5 years were 75 and 86.1%, respectively. Age (< 35 years; p = 0.007) and PTV (< 7 mL; p = 0.04), had better obliteration rates. Three patients had hemorrhage, from the AVM after irradiation. None of them were fatal. Conclusion Stereotactic radiosurgery is a preferred noninvasive treatment modality with acceptable morbidity

Isolated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the pancreas: Case report and review of literature

Background: Isolated primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is a rare extra-lymphatic non-Hodgkin\u2032s lymphoma comprising less than 1% of all extra-lymphatic lymphomas. It is seen in people of advanced age and there is a slight male preponderance. It is difficult to diagnose; the vague presenting symptoms and nonspecific laboratory/radiological findings make it difficult to differentiate the condition from pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Histopathological examination is of paramount importance to conclusively establish the diagnosis since the treatment involves lymphoma protocols, and prognosis and survival in PPL are considerably superior to that in adenocarcinoma pancreas. Case Report: We report a case of isolated PPL diagnosed after Tru-Cut biopsy and immunohistochemistry after a thorough staging workup. Result: The patient was treated with multi-agent combination chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. Discussion: A review of literature was done using a Medline search to determine the incidence and prevalence of isolated PPL and to note the diagnosis and management of previously reported cases. Conclusion: An exceedingly rare entity, isolated PPLs need to be differentiated from pancreatic adenocarcinomas by histopathological evaluation since management is on the lines of other extralymphatic lymphomas and prognosis is significantly better