An Architectural Approach to the Design and Analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems

This paper presents an extension of existing software architecture tools to model physical systems, their interconnections, and the interactions between physical and cyber components. A new CPS architectural style is introduced to support the principled design and evaluation of alternative architectures for cyber-physical systems (CPSs). The implementation of the CPS architectural style in AcmeStudio includes behavioral annotations on components and connectors using either finite state processes (FSP) or linear hybrid automata (LHA) with plug-ins to perform behavior analysis using the Labeled Transition System Analyzer (LTSA) or Polyhedral Hybrid Automata Verifier (PHAVer), respectively. The CPS architectural style and analysis plug-ins are illustrated with an example

A simulation-based testing and validation framework for ADAS development

This paper presents a virtual validation and testing framework for ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistant System) planning and control development based on a co-simulation platform of vehicle dynamics and traffic environment tools. One of the main challenges in ADAS development is validating the planning and control algorithms in a closed-loop fashion, where both vehicle dynamics characteristics and a wide variety of traffic scenarios are taken into account. The designs should also guarantee optimal performance toward precise trajectory tracking, and time/fuel optimality with respect to various constraints. This work focuses on simulation-based approaches to frontload control design verification during the early phases of ADAS development involving two software: LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim and PreScan. The requirements for an interface that help to facilitate the co-simulation development are studied. The approach is demonstrated with three different use cases: adaptive cruise control, green wave technology, and autonomous parking

View Consistency in Architectures for Cyber-Physical Systems

Abstract—Current methods for modeling, analysis, and design of cyber-physical systems lack a unifying framework due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the constituent elements and their interactions. Our approach is to define relationships between system models at the architectural level, which captures the structural interdependencies and some semantic interdependencies between representations without attempting to comprehend all of the details of any particular modeling formalism. This paper addresses the issue of defining and evaluating consistency between architectural views imposed by various heterogeneous models and a base architecture (BA) for the complete system. This notion of structural consistency ensures that the model elements adhere to the cyber and physical types and the connections between components present in the BA, which serves as the unifying framework for model-based development. Consistency checking between a model and the underlying system architecture is formulated as a typed graph matching problem between the connectivity graphs of the corresponding architectural view and the system’s BA. The usefulness of the approach to check system modeling assumptions is illustrated in the context of two heterogeneous views of a quadrotor air vehicle. Index Terms—system architecture; view consistency; graph morphism; multi-domain modeling; cyber-physical systems; I

Augmenting software architectures with physical components

Abstract: This paper presents an extension of existing software architecture tools to model physical systems, their interconnections, and the interactions between physical and cyber components. We introduce a new cyber-physical system (CPS) architectural style to support the construction of architectural descriptions of complete systems and to serve as the reference context for analysis and evaluation of design alternatives using existing model-based tools. The implementation of the CPS architectural style in AcmeStudio includes behavioral annotations on components and connectors using either finite state processes (FSP) or linear hybrid automata (LHA) with plug-ins to perform behavior analysis. The application of the CPS architectural style is illustrated for the STARMAC quadrotor

Designing a Low-cost, Expressive Educational Robot

The Trikebot is the result of a ground-up design effort chartered to develop an effective and low-cost educational robot for secondary level education and home use. This paper describes all aspects of the Trikebot, including chassis and mechanism; control electronics; communication architecture; robot control server and student programming environment. Notable innovations include a fast-build construction kit, indoor/outdoor terrainability, CMOS vision-centered sensing, back-EMF motor speed control and a Java programming interface

Multi-domain Modeling of Cyber-Physical Systems Using Architectural Views

Designing cyber-physical systems(CPSs)increasingly requires the use of multi-domain models throughout the development process. Ensuring consistent relationships between various system models is an important part of an integrated design methodology. This paper describes an architectural approach to reasoning about relations between heterogeneous system models. The runtime base architecture of the system is used as a unifying representation to compare the structure and semantics of the associated models. Each model is related to the base architecture through the abstraction of an architectural view, which captures structural and semantic correspondences between model elements and system entities. The use of the architectural view framework to relate system models from different domains is illustrated in the context of a quadrotor air vehicle.</p

View Consistency in Architectures for Cyber-Physical Systems

Current methods for modeling, analysis, and design of cyber-physical systems lack a unifying framework due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the constituent elements and their interactions. Our approach is to define relationships between system models at the architectural level, which captures the structural interdependencies and some semantic interdependencies between representations without attempting to comprehend all of the details of any particular modeling formalism. This paper addresses the issue of defining and evaluating consistency between architectural views imposed by various heterogeneous models and a base architecture (BA) for the complete system. This notion of structural consistency ensures that the model elements adhere to the cyber and physical types and the connections between components present in the BA, which serves as the unifying framework for model-based development. Consistency checking between a model and the underlying system architecture is formulated as a typed graph matching problem between the connectivity graphs of the corresponding architectural view and the system's BA. The usefulness of the approach to check system modeling assumptions is illustrated in the context of two heterogeneous views of a quad rotor air vehicle.</p