3,639 research outputs found
An energy efficient interference-aware routing protocol for underwater WSNs
Interference-aware routing protocol design for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is one of the key strategies in reducing packet loss in the highly hostile underwater environment. The reduced interference causes efficient utilization of the limited battery power of the sensor nodes that, in consequence, prolongs the entire network lifetime. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient interference-aware routing (EEIAR) protocol for UWSNs. A sender node selects the best relay node in its neighborhood with the lowest depth and the least number of neighbors. Combination of the two routing metrics ensures that data packets are forwarded along the least interference paths to reach the final destination. The proposed work is unique in that it does not require the full dimensional localization information of sensor nodes and the network total depth is segmented to identify source, relay and neighbor nodes. Simulation results reveal better performance of the scheme than the counterparts DBR and EEDBR techniques in terms of energy efficiency, packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay
TREATMENT OF TEXTILE EFFLUENTS BY LOW COST AGRICULTURAL WASTES: BATCH BIOSORPTION STUDY
ABSTRACT The present investigation deals with the treatment of different dye containing effluents by using different agricultural waste biomasses (corncobs, sugarcane bagasse, cotton sticks, sunflower and peanut husk). Samples of textile wastewater were collected from five different textile industries of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Screening test was conducted to select the biosorbent with maximum dye removal efficiency for each of textile wastewater samples. Different process parameters like biosorbent dose, shaking speed and temperature were optimized during the study. The biosorption process using corncobs biomass was found to be good for the removal of dyes up to 79% from the one real textile wastewater sample. The biosorption efficiency of adsorbents was maximum at 0.3 g 50mL -1 of adsorbent dose with 120 rpm shaking speed and 303 K temperature. Thermodynamic study was also carried out to evaluate different parameters like free energy change (ΔG°), enthalpy change (ΔH°) and entropy change (ΔS°) and biosorption process was found to be exothermic. Characterization of effluents was carried out before and after the biosorption process to check out the effect of process on the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). The results proved that agricultural wastes are good option for the removal of color and COD from real textile effluents
Object Serialization and Deserialization Using XML
Interoperability of potentially heterogeneous databases has been an ongoing
research issue for a number of years in the database community. With the trend
towards globalization of data location and data access and the consequent
requirement for the coexistence of new data stores with legacy systems, the
cooperation and data interchange between data repositories has become
increasingly important. The emergence of the eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
as a database independent representation for data offers a suitable mechanism
for transporting data between repositories. This paper describes a research
activity within a group at CERN (called CMS) towards identifying and
implementing database serialization and deserialization methods that can be
used to replicate or migrate objects across the network between CERN and
worldwide centres using XML to serialize the contents of multiple objects
resident in object-oriented databases.Comment: 14 pages 7 figure
Implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Pakistan Construction Industry
This paper examines the implementation of building information modeling (BIM) in construction industry. Various initiatives and approaches are used in different countries to promote the BIM implementation in their construction industries. The real implementation and use of BIM remains a major concern of the construction industry. This study investigates the implantation of BIM globally, in developed countries and the percentage of implementation of BIM in constriction industry of Sindh, Pakistan. This research demonstrates 131 responses from BIM users regarding BIM implementation whose collaboration aspects produce the highest positive impact. The adopted methodology is an online questionnaire survey and literature review which was conducted to find out the implementation of BIM in construction industries of developed countries. This research reveals that BIM implementation is increasing continuously over the past few years. A Number of developed countries are emerging successful BIM implementation strategies, United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France are generally leading the way. However, according to our study findings, only 11% of industries have implemented BIM in Sindh, Pakistan
Torsion of the gallbladder: a case report
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens
Plasmons in coupled bilayer structures
We calculate the collective charge density excitation dispersion and spectral
weight in bilayer semiconductor structures {\it including effects of interlayer
tunneling}. The out-of-phase plasmon mode (the ``acoustic'' plasmon) develops a
long wavelength gap in the presence of tunneling with the gap being
proportional to the square root (linear power) of the tunneling amplitude in
the weak (strong) tunneling limit. The in-phase plasmon mode is qualitatively
unaffected by tunneling. The predicted plasmon gap should be a useful tool for
studying many-body effects.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Effective Regge QCD
A new framework for a high energy limit of quantum gauge field theories is
introduced. Its potency is illustrated on a new derivation of the reggeization
of the gluon.Comment: Latex, 9 pages + 2 figures as PS-file, extended version, to appear in
Phys. Rev. Let
Conserved Quantities in Gravity via Noether Symmetry
This paper is devoted to investigate gravity using Noether symmetry
approach. For this purpose, we consider Friedmann Robertson-Walker (FRW)
universe and spherically symmetric spacetimes. The Noether symmetry generators
are evaluated for some specific choice of models in the presence of
gauge term. Further, we calculate the corresponding conserved quantities in
each case. Moreover, the importance and stability criteria of these models are
discussed.Comment: 14 pages, accepted for publication in Chin. Phys. Let
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Language support for immigrant children: a study of state schools in the UK and US
In recent decades, immigrants, refugees and asylum seekers have sought a new way of life in large numbers, often leaving their countries of origin behind in search of places that offer a better way of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate how elementary and middle school students in state schools in Reading, England (primarily speakers of Asian languages), and Richmond, Virginia (primarily speakers of Spanish), were supported academically, when most children’s first language was not English. The authors were interested in exploring whether or not there were cultural or structural differences in the way each country helped or hindered these students as they progressed through the school systems. Three UK schools in a district of approximately 100,000 and three US schools in a district of approximately 250,000 were the focus of this exploration from 2000 to 2003. Findings indicated that there were cultural and legislative differences and similarities. Teachers and administrators in both countries attempted to provide services with limited and sometimes diminishing resources. Community support varied based on resources, attitudes toward various ethnic groups, and the coping strategies adopted by these groups in their new environments. Marked differences appeared with regard to the manner in which assessments took place and how the results were made available to the public
ICTV virus taxonomy profile: Hadakaviridae 2023.
The family Hadakaviridae, including the genus Hadakavirus, accommodates capsidless viruses with a 10- or 11-segmented positive-sense (+) RNA genome. Currently known hosts are ascomycetous filamentous fungi. Although phylogenetically related to polymycovirids with a segmented double-stranded RNA genome and certain encapsidated picorna-like viruses, hadakavirids are distinct in their lack of a capsid ('hadaka' means naked in Japanese) and their consequent inability to be pelleted by conventional ultracentrifugation; they show ribonuclease susceptibility in host tissue homogenates. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Hadakaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/hadakaviridae
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