9,327 research outputs found
Solar cycle induced variations in GONG p-mode frequencies and splittings
We have analysed the recently available GONG p-mode frequencies and splitting
coefficients for a period of three and half years, including the rapidly rising
phase of solar cycle 23. The analysis of mean frequency shift with different
activity indices shows that the shift is equally correlated with both magnetic
and radiative indices. During the onset of the new cycle 23, we notice that the
change in splitting coefficient is more prominent than the change in
. We have estimated the solar rotation rate with varying depth and
latitude. In the equatorial region, the rotation first increases with depth and
then decreases, while an opposite behaviour is seen in the polar region. We
also find a small but significant temporal variation in the rotation rate at
high latitudes.Comment: Uses aastex, To appear in Astrophysical Journal, October 10, 2000
issu
Theoretical considerations for substitutions in alloy steels
THE development of materials possessing certain specific properties was followed on empirical basis in the past. This was specially true in alloy steels, where there are plenty of complications and variables, each effecting the properties sought in its own way.
As the theoretical background of this behaviour was
least understood, development of materials in the nine-teenth and early twentieth century was based on very
laborious approach which was time consuming on the first hand and costly on the other hand.
Quite lately attempts have been made to rationalise
the metal science on more scientific basis, and although
the dream of the designing alloys by slide rule, posse-ssing the required properties, is still far from being
achieved, the production costs and wastage in time
can be avoided to a considerable extent by it proper
application of the factors which have been understood
lately. It is the object of this paper to describe these
factors in detail so that the attempts in future will he
based on more realistic and scientific lines than
hitherto followed
Characteristics of gravity waves generated in a convective and a non-convective environment revealed from hourly radiosonde observation under CPEA-II campaign
Analyses of hourly radiosonde data of temperature, wind, and relative
humidity during four days (two with convection and two with no convection)
as a part of an intensive observation period in CPEA-2 campaign over Koto
Tabang (100.32° E, 0.20° S), Indonesia, are presented.
Characteristics of gravity waves in terms of dominant wave frequencies at
different heights and their vertical wavelengths are shown in the lower
stratosphere during a convective and non-convective period. Gravity waves with
periods ~10 h and ~4–5 h were found dominant near
tropopause (a region of high stability) on all days of
observation. Vertical propagation of gravity waves were seen modified near
heights of the three identified strong wind shears (at ~16, 20, and
25 km heights) due to wave-mean flow interaction. Between 17 and 21 km
heights, meridional wind fluctuations dominated over zonal wind, whereas from
22 to 30 km heights, wave fluctuations with periods ~3–5 h and
~8–10 h in zonal wind and temperature were highly associated,
suggesting zonal orientation of wave propagation. Gravity waves from
tropopause region to 30 km heights were analyzed. In general, vertical
wavelength of 2–5 km dominated in all the mean-removed (~ weekly mean)
wind and temperature hourly profiles. Computed vertical wavelength spectra
are similar, in most of the cases, to the source spectra (1–16 km height)
except that of zonal wind spectra, which is broad during active convection.
Interestingly, during and after convection, gravity waves with short
vertical wavelength (~2 km) and short period (~2–3 h)
emerged, which were confined in the close vicinity of tropopause, and were
not identified on non-convective days, suggesting convection to be the source
for them. Some wave features near strong wind shear (at 25 km height) were
also observed with short vertical wavelengths in both convective and
non-convective days, suggesting wind shear to be the sole cause of generation
and seemingly not associated with deep convection below. A drop in the
temperature up to ~4–5 K (after removal of diurnal component) was
observed at ~16 km height near a strong wind shear (~45–55 m s<sup>−1</sup> km<sup>−1</sup>) during active period of convection
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial to Study the Impact of a Nutrition-Sensitive Intervention on Adult Women With Cancer Cachexia Undergoing Palliative Care in India
Purpose. Advanced cancer patients with disease progression develop cachexia. Nevertheless, cancer patients at nutritional risk have shown improved body weight and quality of life with oral nutritional supplements. Method. This was a randomized controlled trial in adult female cancer patients (n = 63) attending palliative clinics, with symptoms of cachexia. Eligible patients were randomly distributed into control (n = 33) and intervention (n = 30) groups. Both groups were provided with nutritional and physical activity counseling, but the intervention group received an additional 100 g of Improved Atta (IAtta) for 6 months daily consumption. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of IAtta (with counseling) in enhancing the health status of cachexic patients. Anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, physical activity level and quality of life parameters were assessed at baseline, after 3 months, and at the end of 6 months. Results. Patients in the control group (n = 15) had significantly decreased body weight (P = .003), mid–upper-arm circumference (P = .002), and body fat (P = .002) by the end of intervention. A trend of body weight gain in the intervention group (n = 17; P = .08) and significant increase of body fat (P = .002) was observed; moreover, patients reported a significant improvement in fatigue (P = .002) and appetite scores (P = .006) under quality-of-life domains at the end of intervention. Conclusions. Embedding a nutrition-sensitive intervention ( IAtta ) within Indian palliative care therapy may improve quality of life and stabilize body weight in cancer cachexia patients
The Scope for Development of Magnesium Industry in India
IN THIS era of "sputniks" and "space flights", weight saving poses to be a problem of prince importance with
its direct influence over increasing speed and fuel economy. Magnesium and magnesium base alloys are known
to be the lightest structural materials today, and have been employed not only for space research and rocketry
but for various types of aero, marine and road trans-portation vehicles
Simulation analysis with rock muons from atmospheric neutrino interactions in the ICAL detector at INO
The proposed magnetized Iron CALorimeter detector (ICAL) to be built in the
India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) laboratory aims to study atmospheric
neutrinos and its properties such as precision measurements of oscillation
parameters and the neutrino mass hierarchy. High energy charged current (CC)
interactions of atmospheric neutrinos with the rock surrounding the detector
produce so-called "rock muons" along with hadrons. While the hadron component
of these events are absorbed in the rock itself, the rock muons traverse the
rock and are detected in the detector. These rock muon events can be
distinguished from cosmic muons only in the upward direction and can provide an
independent measurement of the oscillation parameters. A simulation study of
these events at the ICAL detector shows that, although reduced in significance
compared to muons produced in direct CC neutrino interactions with the
detector, these events are indeed sensitive to the oscillation parameters,
achieving a possible precision of 10\% and 27\% in determining
and , respectively. Hence a combination of
the standard atmospheric neutrino analysis which is the main goal of ICAL, with
these rock muon events, will improve the precision reach of ICAL for these
parameters
- …