63 research outputs found
Case Marking in Hindi as the Weaker Language
Does language dominance modulate knowledge of case marking in Hindi-speaking bilinguals? Hindi is a split ergative language with a rich morphological case system. Subjects of transitive perfective predicates are marked with ergative case (-ne). Human specific direct objects, indirect objects, and dative subjects are marked with the particle -ko. We compared knowledge of case marking in Hindi–English bilinguals with different dominance patterns: 23 balanced bilinguals and two groups of bilinguals with Hindi as their weaker language: 24 L2 learners of Hindi with age of acquisition (AoA) of Hindi in adulthood and 26 Hindi heritage speakers with AoA of Hindi since birth in oral production and acceptability judgments. The balanced bilinguals outperformed the English-dominant bilinguals; the L2 learners and the heritage speakers, who showed similar lower command of the Hindi case marking system, with the exception of -ko marking as a function of specificity with direct objects. We consider how dominant language transfer, AoA of Hindi, and input factors may explain the acquisition and knowledge of morphology in Hindi as the weaker language
Double Trouble: The Problem of Construal in Semantic Annotation of Adpositions
We consider the semantics of prepositions, revisiting a broad-coverage annotation scheme used for annotating all preposition tokens in a 55,000-word corpus of English. In an attempt to resolve problematic cases in English and apply the scheme to adpositions and case markers in other languages, we reconsider the assumption that an adposition’s lexical contribution is equivalent to the role/relation that it mediates, embracing the potential for construal to manage complexity and avoid sense proliferation. We suggest a framework to represent both the scene role and the adposition\u27s lexical function, and discuss how it would allow for a simpler inventory of labels
Adposition and Case Supersenses v2.5: Guidelines for English
This document offers a detailed linguistic description of SNACS (Semantic
Network of Adposition and Case Supersenses; Schneider et al., 2018), an
inventory of 50 semantic labels ("supersenses") that characterize the use of
adpositions and case markers at a somewhat coarse level of granularity, as
demonstrated in the STREUSLE corpus (https://github.com/nert-gu/streusle/;
version 4.3 tracks guidelines version 2.5). Though the SNACS inventory aspires
to be universal, this document is specific to English; documentation for other
languages will be published separately.
Version 2 is a revision of the supersense inventory proposed for English by
Schneider et al. (2015, 2016) (henceforth "v1"), which in turn was based on
previous schemes. The present inventory was developed after extensive review of
the v1 corpus annotations for English, plus previously unanalyzed genitive case
possessives (Blodgett and Schneider, 2018), as well as consideration of
adposition and case phenomena in Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, and German. Hwang et
al. (2017) present the theoretical underpinnings of the v2 scheme. Schneider et
al. (2018) summarize the scheme, its application to English corpus data, and an
automatic disambiguation task
Augmenting English Adjective Senses with Supersenses
We develop a supersense taxonomy for adjectives, based on that of GermaNet, and apply it to English adjectives in WordNet using human annotation and supervised classification. Results show that accuracy for automatic adjective type classification is high, but synsets are considerably more difficult to classify, even for trained human annotators. We release the manually annotated data, the classifier, and the induced supersense labeling of 12,304 WordNet adjective synsets
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