Negotiation of Flux Identities and Quest for Space in Diasporic Cross-Cultural Literary Contexts: Emerging Psychological Paradigms

The present paper underlines the fact that the uprooted, displaced diasporic expatriates carrying the value system and cultural ethos of their native country, as represented in diasporic literature, in their attempts to acclimatize themselves to the alien host culture , do encounter a host of psychological complexities and cultural barriers which affect not only their physical health but mental wellbeing also. This paper also brings to surface the point that different behavioural reaction of different characters from diasporic literature in conflict or conformity with the cultural parameters and national sensibilities of the host countries determine their modes of life, mental health, individual ideologies in particular and socio-political status in the overall scheme of things, in general. The main highlight of the paper is that the different personality types, their unique emotional  sides and thought patterns, assimilative techniques or marginalization effects once having been exposed to a new arcane and unfamiliar social set up, has led the psychologists or writers to construct new paradigms with their constituent factors in their respective fields

Foreign investment and issues of corporate governance in India

Introduction: Foreign Investment can be defined as the acquisition by governments, institutions or individuals in one country of assets in another. Foreign investment covers both direct investment and portfolio investment and includes public authorities, private firms and individuals. For a country in which savings are insufficient relative to the potential demand for investment, foreign capital can be a fruitful means of stimulating rapid growth. In addition, direct investment may be a means of financing a balance of payments deficit. Direct investment often involves the setting up of subsidiary companies for the domestic production of goods which previously were imported from the parent company. (Bannock et al, 1998). External capital flows to developing countries have undergone fundamental changes during the past three decades. More recently rapid liberalization of financial markets and privatization of economic activity in developing countries have influenced them. The private sector has become the principal borrower in international capital markets and recipient of other private financial flows. Direct investment is often referred to as foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI inflows have increased in importance during the 1990s, becoming the single most important component of total capital flows to developing countries. FDI not only adds to external financial resources for development but is also more stable than other types of flows. FDI is typically based on a longer-term view of the market, the growth potential and the structural characteristics of recipient countries. FDI is generally preferred by the host country to portfolio management. FDI and the policies concerning it have a preponderant role as the engine of growth because of the diffusion of technology. FDI can contribute to technological upgrading in two ways: if it embodies a higher level of technology than domestic investment, it makes a direct contribution by raising the overall technological level of the host country; and it can also make an indirect contribution through positive externalities which benefit local enterprises. In recent years competition among governments to attract FDI has heated up. The main reason for this is the large number of developing and emerging market economies that have moved during the 1980s and 1990s from relatively closed state-led growth strategies and dirigiste policy regimes to more open and market friendly policy regimes, and have moved in the process to seek actively to attract FDI. For example, China alone has moved from a policy of virtually excluding FDI, until 1979, to successfully attracting an annual FDI inflow of over $40 billion by the mid–1990s–and in doing so has caused developing and emerging countries throughout Asia, and beyond, to worry about intensifying competition, with China and with each other, to attract FDI. The crisis that emerged in Asia in 1997 has tended, if anything, only to heighten those worries. [Oman, 2000]. The subject of corporate governance constitutes a very rich field for research. There is a great deal of work which needs to be done. This is all the more yes for some of the societies in Asia where the subject is very new. One of the significant features of the economic reform is the change that is taking place in the government-corporate relationship. The government has so far played the role of manager in the corporate sector. While in the East Asian models this role has become transformed into that of a “coach”, for a variety of reasons, this is unlikely to occur in India. On the other hand, there is greater likelihood of India moving towards the Anglo-American model, with the government emerging as a “referee”. In large measure, this would be close to the pattern of the political and bureaucratic system that emerged during the last four decades. To what extent this will inhibit India from emulating the East Asian pattern of growth remains to be seen. (Vaghul, 1997

Optoelectronic characterization of zinc complexes for display device applications

2-(2-Pyridyl)benzimidazolato)-2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinatozinc(II)[ZnPBI(Meq)], 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazolato)-5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinolinatozinc(II) [ZnPBI(Clq)] and 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazolato)-8-hydroxyquinolinatozinc(II) [ZnPBI(q)] were synthesized and characterized for the purpose to be used as electroluminescent materials. All complexes emitted bright colored light on excitation by ultra-violet light source which showed their suitability for the operation in opto-electronic devices. Using a selected complex [ZnPBI(Meq)] as emissive layer, multilayered organic electroluminescent device was fabricated having structure ITO/alpha-NPD/Zinc complex/BCP/Alq(3)/LiF/Al, that produced bright bluish green emission at 532 nm. Maximum luminescence observed was 4038 cd/m(2) at 18 V while the turn on voltage of the device was 7 V. The Commission Internationale d'Eclairage chromaticity of the device had color coordinates at x = 0.35, y = 0.44 and was found to be independent of the operating voltages. The [ZnPBI(Meq)] complex exhibited high thermal stability (> 300 A degrees C) and high glass transition temperature (> 150 A degrees C)

Synthesis and Optical Characterization of Mixed Ligands Beryllium Complexes for Display Device Applications

Synthesis and photoluminescent behaviour of mixed ligand based beryllium complexes with 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HPB) and 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (Clq) or 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (Cl2q) or 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (Meq) or 8-hydroxyquinoline (q) are reported in this work. These complexes, that is, [BeHPB(Clq)], [BeHPB(Cl2q)], [BeHPB(Meq)], and [BeHPB(q)], were prepared and their structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. The beryllium complexes exhibited good thermal stability up to ~300°C temperature. The photophysical properties of beryllium complexes were studied using ultraviolet-visible absorption and photoluminescence emission spectroscopy. The complexes showed absorption peaks due to π-π∗ and n-π∗ electronic transitions. The complexes emitted greenish blue light with peak wavelength at 496 nm, 510 nm, 490 nm, and 505 nm, respectively, consisting of high intensity. Color tuning was observed with changing the substituents in quinoline ring ligand in metal complexes. The emitted light had Commission Internationale d’Eclairage color coordinates values at x=0.15 and y=0.43 for [BeHPB(Clq)], x=0.21 and y=0.56 for [BeHPB(Cl2q)], x=0.14 and y=0.38 for [BeHPB(Meq)], x=0.17 and y=0.41 for [BeHPB(q)]. Theoretical calculations using DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) method were performed to reveal the three-dimensional geometries and the frontier molecular orbital energy levels of these synthesized metal complexes

Synthesis of Sr(1-x-y)Al4O7:Eux2+, Lny3+ (Ln= Dy, Y, Pr) Nanophosphors Using Rapid Gel Combustion Process and Their Down Conversion Characteristics

[EN] Eu2+ and Eu2++Ln3+ doped SrAl4O7 nanophosphors were synthesized by rapid gel combustion process. The morphology of prepared phosphors was examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The phase identification and the crystal structures of nanophosphors were studied using X-ray powder diffraction techniques. Luminescence characteristics of the prepared nanophosphors were analyzed on account of excitation, emission and phosphorescence decay analysis. The emission spectra demonstrated the broad green emission attributed to 4f65d1→ 4f7 transition of the Eu2+ ions. The effect of codoping of some trivalent lanthanide (Dy3+, Pr3+ and Y3+) ions were investigated for improving the emission intensity and phosphorescence decay time of the basic lattice of SrAl4O7:Eu2+ phosphors. The synthesized materials had enhanced bright luminescent properties that could suitably be applied for display as well as photovoltaic applications. Devender Singh, Vijeta Tanwar, Anura P. Samantilleke, Bernabe Mari, Shri Bhagwan, Krishan C. Singh, Pratap S. Kadyan, Ishwar SinghThe authors thankfully recognize the financial support from the University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi [MRP-40-73/2011(SR)] and the European Commission through Nano CIS project (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES ref. 269279).Singh, D.; Tanwar, V.; Samantilleke, AP.; Marí, B.; Bhagwan, S.; Singh, KC.; Kadyan, PS.... (2017). Synthesis of Sr(1-x-y)Al4O7:Eux2+, Lny3+ (Ln= Dy, Y, Pr) Nanophosphors Using Rapid Gel Combustion Process and Their Down Conversion Characteristics. Electronic Materials Letters. 13(3):222-229. doi:10.1007/s13391-017-6038-4S222229133B. Zhang, C. Zhao, and D. Chen, J. Bio. Chem. Lumin. 25, 25 (2010).A. Nag and T. R. N. Kutty, J. Alloys Compd. 354, 221 (2003).S. H. Choi, N. H. Kim, Y. H. Yun, and S. C. Choi, J. Ceram. Process. Res. 7, 62 (2006).B. M. Smets, Mater. Chem. Phys. 16, 283 (1987).C. R. Ronda, J. Lumin. 72-74, 49 (1997).V. Chernov, T. M. Piters, R. Melendrez, W. M. Yen, E. 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