Use of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO): clinical effects on edema and pain

Background: Demand for shorter treatment time is common in orthodontic patients. Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) is a somewhat new surgical procedure which allows faster tooth movement via combining orthodontic forces with corticotomy and grafting of alveolar bone plates. Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) possess hard- and soft-tissue healing properties. Further, evidence of pain-inhibitory and anti- inflammatory potential is growing. Therefore, this study explores the feasibility, intra- and post-operative effects of using L-PRF in PAOO in terms of post-operative pain, inflammation, infection and post-orthodontic stability. Material and Methods: A pilot prospective observational study involving a cohort of 11 patients was carried out. A Wilcko’s modified PAOO technique with L-PRF (incorporated into the graft and as covering membrane) was performed with informed consent. Post-surgical pain, inflammation and infection were recorded for 10 days post- operatively, while the overall orthodontic treatment and post-treatment stability were followed up to 2 years. Results: Accelerated wound healing with no signs of infection or adverse reactions was evident. Post-surgical pain was either “mild” (45.5%) or “moderate” (54.5%). Immediate post-surgical inflammation was either “mild” (89.9%) or “moderate” (9.1%). Resolution began on day 4 where most patients experienced either “mild” or no inflammation (72.7% and 9.1%, respectively). Complete resolution was achieved in all patients by day 8. The average orthodontic treatment time was 9.3 months. All cases were deemed stable for 2 years. Conclusions: L-PRF is simple and safe to use in PAOO. Combination with traditional bone grafts potentially accelerates wound healing and reduces post-surgical pain, inflammation, infection without interfering with tooth movement and/or post-orthodontic stability, over a 2 years period; thus alleviating the need for analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications

Parasites of domestic owned cats in Europe: co-infestations and risk factors.

BACKGROUND: Domestic cats can be infested by a large range of parasite species. Parasitic infestations may cause very different clinical signs. Endoparasites and ectoparasites are rarely explored in the same study and therefore multiparasitism is poorly documented. The present survey aimed to improve knowledge of the prevalence and risk factors associated with ecto- and endoparasite infestations in owned cats in Europe. METHODS: From March 2012 to May 2013, 1519 owned cats were included in a multicenter study conducted in 9 veterinary faculties throughout Europe (Austria, Belgium, France, Hungary, Italy, Romania and Spain). For each cat, ectoparasites were checked by combing of the coat surface associated with otoscopic evaluation and microscopy on cerumen samples. Endoparasites were identified by standard coproscopical examinations performed on fresh faecal samples. Risk factors and their influence on parasitism were evaluated by univariate analysis followed by a multivariate statistical analysis (including center of examination, age, outdoor access, multipet status, and frequency of treatments as main criteria) with logistic regression models. RESULTS: Overall, 50.7% of cats resulted positive for at least one internal or one external parasite species. Ectoparasites were found in 29.6% of cats (CI95 27.3-32.0%). Otodectes cynotis was the most frequently identified species (17.4%), followed by fleas (15.5%). Endoparasites were identified in 35.1% of the cats (CI95 32.7-35.7%), including gastro-intestinal helminths in 25.7% (CI95 23.5-28.0), respiratory nematodes in 5.5% (CI95 4.2-7.0%) and protozoans in 13.5% (CI95 11.8-15.3%). Toxocara cati was the most commonly diagnosed endoparasite (19.7%, CI95 17.8-21.8%). Co-infestation with endoparasites and ectoparasites was found in 14.0% of the cats, and 11.9% harbored both ectoparasites and gastro-intestinal helminths.Age, outdoor access, living with other pets, and anthelmintic or insecticide treatments were significantly associated with the prevalence of various parasites. CONCLUSIONS: This survey demonstrates that parasitism is not a rare event in European owned cat populations. The prevalence of multi-parasitism is significantly greater than expected by chance and hence there is tendency for some individual cats to be more prone to infestation by both endo- and ectoparasites due to common risk factors

Des ectoparasites de Cervidés chez un chien !

Cet article rapporte pour la première fois l’observation d’un diptère du genre Lipoptena chez un chien en France. L’animal vit à la campagne et des Cervidés, hôtes habituels des Lipoptena, sont présents dans les bois où le chien est régulièrement promené. Aucun signe clinique n’a été associé à la présence de l’ectoparasite et ce chien était très probablement un hôte accidentel du diptère. Les diptères du genre Lipoptena sont des ectoparasites hématophages obligatoires dont les principaux hôtes sont les Cervidés. Le parasite retrouvé chez le chien a été identifié comme L. fortisetosa.Un insecte d’aspect inhabituel est retrouvé dans le pelage d’un chien lors d’une consultation vaccinale. Seriez-vous capables de reconnaître cet insecte et de deviner comment le chien a été infesté

Abrégé de Parasitologie clinique des Equidés : Volume 2 - Parasitoses et Mycoses internes

National audienc

Metodik khusus bahasa Indonesia

v, 169 p.; 20 cm

Abrégé de Parasitologie clinique des Equidés : Volume 2 - Parasitoses et Mycoses internes

National audienc

Analysis of

A 28S rDNA PCR detection assay was previously developed to identify Dipylidium caninum DNA inside single fleas collected from both cats and dogs. Sequence analysis of the 28S rDNA fragment indicated two genetically distinct variations of the target region. The two genotypes, so-called “D. caninum canine genotype” and “D. caninum feline genotype”, based on host origin, are further investigated and described in this paper. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and hydrolysis probe-based genotyping assays were developed and validated for genotyping D. caninum DNA. The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the “feline genotype” was sequenced and compared to the D. caninum mt genome available in GenBank. The molecular characterization of D. caninum isolates collected from infected fleas, and also proglottids collected from dogs and cats, confirmed the existence of two distinct genotypes. These genotypes are related to host origin (dogs or cats), irrespective of their geographical origin, and they present a biological adaptation to their respective host, as confirmed by the comparison of biological development and host preference in another study. The genetic differences (Part 1, present paper) and biological observations (Part 2, in this journal) enabled us to suggest the existence of two distinct species within D. caninum, which will have to be clarified

Analysis of Dipylidium caninum tapeworms from dogs and cats, or their respective fleas

A 28S rDNA PCR detection assay was previously developed to identify Dipylidium caninum DNA inside single fleas collected from both cats and dogs. Sequence analysis of the 28S rDNA fragment indicated two genetically distinct variations of the target region. The two genotypes, so-called “D. caninum canine genotype” and “D. caninum feline genotype”, based on host origin, are further investigated and described in this paper. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and hydrolysis probe-based genotyping assays were developed and validated for genotyping D. caninum DNA. The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the “feline genotype” was sequenced and compared to the D. caninum mt genome available in GenBank. The molecular characterization of D. caninum isolates collected from infected fleas, and also proglottids collected from dogs and cats, confirmed the existence of two distinct genotypes. These genotypes are related to host origin (dogs or cats), irrespective of their geographical origin, and they present a biological adaptation to their respective host, as confirmed by the comparison of biological development and host preference in another study. The genetic differences (Part 1, present paper) and biological observations (Part 2, in this journal) enabled us to suggest the existence of two distinct species within D. caninum, which will have to be clarified