Longitudinal association between urine metabolome and thyroid function.

<p>A) Corrected p-values (false discovery rate (FDR)) of the longitudinal associations of urine metabolites levels (right side) or ppm (left side) with changes in free thyroxine (FT4) or thyrotropin (TSH) in Inter99. Models were performed in all subjects (x-axis) and *only in subjects with noticeable change assessed by the reference change value (RCV). Multivariable mixed linear models were adjusted for age, sex, body-mass-index, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (for more details see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0173078#sec006" target="_blank">method</a> section). Estimated mean value with 95% confidence limits for changes in free thyroxine (B: ΔFT4) or thyrotropin (C: Δlog(TSH)) by quartiles of selected urinary metabolite concentrations in Inter99 calculated by mixed linear models. DMA = dimethylamine. DMG = dimethylglycine.</p

Cross-sectional association between urine metabolome and thyroid function.

<p>A) Corrected p-values (false discovery rate (FDR)) of the cross-sectional associations of metabolites levels (right side) or ppm (left side) with free thyroxine (FT4) or thyrotropin (TSH) in Inter99 and Health2006/08. Multivariable linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, body-mass-index, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. B) Median levels of alanine, lactate, N,N-dimethylglycine or trigonelline by tertiles of FT4 in Inter99 and Health2006/08. C): Median levels of glycine, lactate, dimethylamine or glucose by tertiles of log(TSH) in Inter99 and Health2006/08.</p

Study design.

<p>A) Flow diagram of analyses strategies. B) Graphical chart of cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.</p

Cross-sectional associations of urinary metabolites with FT4 or TSH concentrations in both study populations.

<p>Cross-sectional associations of urinary metabolites with FT4 or TSH concentrations in both study populations.</p

Longitudinal associations of urinary metabolites with changes in FT4 or TSH concentrations in Inter99.

<p>Longitudinal associations of urinary metabolites with changes in FT4 or TSH concentrations in Inter99.</p

General characteristics of the study populations.

<p>General characteristics of the study populations.</p