THE DYNAMICS OF REACTANCE AND COGNITIVE STRUCTURE: REACTANCE, RESTORATION, AND TIME.

This dissertation examined the effects of freedom-limiting communication on attitude structures at three points in time. A 2 (Threat to freedom: low threat vs. high threat) x 2 (Restoration postscript: present vs. filler postscript) x 3 (Time: immediate-time measurement vs. one-minute delay vs. two-minute delay) plus 3 (control groups for each time point: immediate-time measurement vs. one-minute delay vs. two-minute delay) between-participants design was employed. The results replicated the findings of existing research on reactance by showing that when threat to freedom was high, a boomerang effect emerged, leading to change in attitude and behavioral intention in the direction opposite to the one advocated in the message. This study also advanced the theory of reactance by documenting how threat to freedom affects both the focal attitude concept targeted by the message (here, recycling) as well as a concept related to the target concept (here, energy conservation). In addition, the effects of pairing different levels of threat to freedom with a restoration postscript were examined: The findings indicated that adding a restoration postscript (defined as the suggestion that an individual still has freedom to make a decision) to low threat to freedom messages might be detrimental to persuasion as compared to adding a restoration component when threat to freedom is high. Finally, the effects of threat to freedom and restoration over time were considered: The results of the experiment suggest that reactance effects may not be persistent over time

Positive affect as informational feedback in goal pursuit

Two studies investigated the cognitive activation of a goal following a promise to complete it. Current theorizing about the impact of positive affect as informational feedback in goal pursuit suggests two contradictory conclusions: (1) positive affect can signal that sufficient progress towards a goal has been made, but also (2) positive affect can signal that commitment to a goal should be maintained. When individuals infer that significant progress toward goal achievement has been made, the goal should be deactivated, but when individuals infer that commitment to the goal should be maintained, goal activation should be increased. To determine the conditions in which positive affect leads to increased goal activation as opposed to goal deactivation, we proposed that competing goals serve as a moderator. We found that positive affect led to decreased goal activation when competing goals were present, but to increased goal activation when competing goals were absent

Development of the idea of patriotic education of students through school songs in China

Purpose: identification of the features of the development of the idea of patriotic education of students through school songs in China (1920s to the present century

Functional capabilities of visual activity in environmental education of students in China

To identify and characterize the pedagogical potential of visual activity in the environmental education of students in the PR

AUTOMATION OF MANAGEMENT BY THE INTELLECTUAL THE RIGHTS IN GLOBAL COMPUTER NETWORKS

In article authors analyze problems of useof objects of intellectual property in globalcomputer networks. The main attentionis concentrated on effective ways of thesolution of the problems arising for users.The special attention is paid to questionsof creation of system of automatic controlby property rights of authors and owners inglobal computer networks

Deceptive Language by Innocent and Guilty Criminal Suspects: The Influence of Dominance, Question, and Guilt on Interview Responses

Matthew L. Jensen is an assistant professor in the Price College of Business and a researcher in the Center for Applied Social Research at the University of Oklahoma. His primary research interests are deception and credibility in online and face-to-face interaction. Recent publications have dealt with computer-aided deception detection and establishing credibility online.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

THE FAMILY ROLE IN SOCIAL-PEDAGOGICAL WORK WITH CHILDREN OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR IN GERMANY

Актуальность темы обусловлена важностью проблемы воспитания детей девиантного поведения при грамотной организации социально-педагогической помощи семье.Цель исследования заключается в том, чтобы выявить и охарактеризовать особенности социально-педагогической работы с семьей, в которой дети отличаются девиантным поведением (на примере Германии).Результаты исследования показали, что социально-педагогическая помощь детям и их семьям в Германии на современном этапе имеет следующие сущностные характеристики: 1) организация помощи ребенку и семье представляет собой комплекс мероприятий по оказанию широкого спектра требуемых услуг профессионалами, работающими, как в государственных, так и негосударственных структурах; 2) данный комплекс мероприятий имеет четкую логику и основан на тесном сотрудничестве рабочей группы и семьи по совместно разработанному плану действий; 3) все участники проекта подробно проинформированы о характере работы; 4) сформулирован воспитательный заказ семьи и разработана проблемная иерархия; 5) если работа с семьей рассчитана на длительный срок, то план действий обязательно пересматривается минимум один раз в полгода, а, при необходимости – чаще.Область применения результатов исследования. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в процессе разработки новых технологий, методов и приемов социально-педагогической помощи семье в вопросах воспитания детей девиантного поведения.The urgency of the topic is stipulated by the importance of the problem of deviant children education with proper organization of social-pedagogical assistance to the family.The purpose of the research is to reveal and characterize the peculiarities of the social-pedagogical work with families in which children differ in deviant behavior (on the example of Germany).The results of the study showed that social-pedagogical assistance to children and their families in Germany at the present stage has the following essential characteristics: 1) the organization of the assistance to a child and his family is the complex of activities which provides a broad spectrum of the required services by professionals working in both public and non-governmental structures; 2) this complex has a clear logic and is based on close cooperation of the working group and the family on the jointly developed plan of action; 3) all of the participants are informed in detail about the character of the work; 4) the educational order of the family is formulated and a problem hierarchy is developed; 5) if the work with families is long-term, the action plan is necessarily reviewed at least once every six months, and more frequently if needed.The scope of the results of the study. The results of the study can be used in the process of developing new technologies, methods and techniques of social-educational assistance to the family in the work with children of deviant behavior

Interconnection of polycultural and inclusive education on the example of the USA

The relevance of the research is due to the multicultural nature of the modern world, where all members of any society must have equal rights for high quality educational services, despite individual characteristics that may manifest themselves in race and gender, social status, and alternative development. Multicultural education, being a priority in the US educational policy, has stimulated the development of inclusive education in the country, thereby providing access to education for all citizens with disabilities. Thus, a comprehensive school acquired the status of the main institution for the socialization of students, regardless of their educational capabilities and needs. Consequently, the problem of the research is to identify the relationship between multicultural and inclusive education in the United States. The purpose of the research was to characterize the common features of multicultural and inclusive education on the example of the United States. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the research problem, as well as methods of comparative analysis, generalization and systematization. The research results are the main features of multicultural and inclusive education in the United States have been analyzed, the main goals of multicultural and inclusive education in the United States have been correlated; the principles of multicultural education, which form the basis of inclusive education in the United States have been considered; the relationship of inclusive and multicultural education on the example of the United States has been substantiated. Key conclusions: the presented principles of multicultural education (the principle of variability, differentiation, exclusion of any kind of discrimination, humanistic orientation of the educational process) forms the basis for the organization of inclusive education in the United States. A comparative analysis of the goals of multicultural and inclusive education in the United States has shown their general focus on providing affordable and quality education to all members of society, regardless of identity

Mitigating bias blind spot via a serious video game

We employed a serious video game to train participants on bias blind spot (BBS), capturing training effects on BBS mitigation and knowledge at three points in time. Experiment 1 (N = 703) compared the effects of hybrid training (a combination of implicit and explicit training) to implicit training; Experiment 2 (N = 620) tested the effects of just-in-time versus delayed feedback; and Experiment 3 (N = 626) examined the effects of singleplayer versus multiplayer learning environments. We also tested differences in game duration (30 vs. 60 minute play) and repetition (single vs. repeated play). Overall, the video game decreased BBS linearly over time and increased BBS knowledge at posttest, but knowledge decayed at 8-week posttest. These and other results are discussed, along with the implications, limitations, and future research directions