Renal Replacement Therapy in Children in the Developing World: Challenges and Outcome in a Tertiary Hospital in Southeast Nigeria

A 5-year observational, retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the indications, the availability, the accessibility, the sustainability, and the outcome of children managed for acute kidney injury (AKI) and end stage kidney disease (ESKD) who required renal replacement therapy RRT in Enugu, southeast Nigeria. A total of 64 patients aged 5 months to 16 years required RRT, of which only 25 underwent RRT, giving an RRT accessibility rate of 39.1%. Eleven (44%) patients required chronic dialysis program/ renal transplant, of which only 1 (9.1%) accessed and sustained chronic hemodialysis, giving a dialysis acceptance rate of 9.1%. Fifty (78%) of the patients belonged to the low socioeconomic class. Thirty-three (51.5%) could not access RRT because of financial constraints and discharge against medical advice (DAMA); 6 (9.4%) died on admission while sourcing for funds to access the therapy; 5 (7.8%) died while on RRT; 9 (14.1%) improved and were discharged for follow-up; 1 (1.6%) improved and was discharged to be on chronic dialysis program while awaiting renal transplantation outside the country/clinic follow-up, while the remaining 10 (15.6%) were unable to sustain chronic dialysis program or access renal transplantation and were lost to follow-up. We conclude that RRT remains unaffordable within the subregion

A Quick Glance at Paediatrics

Description based upon print version of record.9.5 NephroblastomaThis book represents a much-needed paediatric reference book, especially with regards to developing countries. It will be of interest and use to all professional stakeholders in paediatrics and child health, including paediatricians, general practitioners, family medicine specialists, paediatric teachers and lecturers, and medical students. It covers a wide range of topics including clinical paediatrics, preventive and social paediatrics, infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, child health, clinical history taking, systemic physical examination and clinical reasoning. It also consider.Intro; Table of Contents; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgement; Chief Editor; Contributors; Section 1: Introductory Paediatrics; 1.1 History Taking; 1.2 Physical Examination; 1.2.1 General Examination; 1.2.2 Examination of the digestive system; 1.2.3 Physical examination-Respiratory system; 1.2.4 Physical examination-Cardiovascular system; 1.2.5 Physical examination-Urogenital system; 1.2.6 Examination of the central nervous system; 1.2.7 Physical examination-Musculoskeletal sy; 1.3 Clinical reasoning; Section 2: Infectious diseases; 2.1 Malaria; 2.2 Polio/Poliomyelitis; 2.3 Viral Hepatitis2.4 Pertussis2.5 Diphtheria; 2.6 Tetanus; 2.7 Haemophilus Influenzae Infections; 2.8 Pneumococcal Infections; 2.9 Rotavirus Disease; 2.10 Measles; 2.11 Yellow Fever; 2.12 HIV/AIDS; 2.13 Cholera; 2.14 Typhoid Fever; 2.15 Mumps; 2.16 Rubella; 2.17 Influenza; 2.18 Varicella; Section 3: Gastro-enterology; 3.1 Gastroenteritis; 3.2 Malnutrition; 3.3 Liver/Gall Bladder Diseases; 3.4 Peptic Ulcer Disease; 3.5 Intussusception; 3.6 Abdominal pain in children; 3.7 Paralytic Ileus; 3.8 Constipation; 3.9 Malabsorption; 3.10 Gastroesophageal Reflux; Section 4: Cardiology4.1 Foetal and Neonatal circulation4.2 Pulmonary Hypertension; 4.3 Congenital Heart Diseases-Cyanotic; 4.4 Congenital Heart Disease-Acyanotic; 4.5 Infective Endocarditis; 4.6 Myocarditis; 4.7 Pericarditis; 4.8 Rheumatic Heart Disease; 4.9 Cardiac Failure; 4.10 Shock; 4.11 Cardiomyopathy; Section 5: Neurology; 5.1 Coma (The Unconscious Child); 5.2 Seizure Disorders (Epilepsies); 5.3 Neural Tube Defects; 5.4 Hydrocephalus; 5.5 Cerebral Palsy; 5.6 Acute Bacterial Meningitis; 5.7 Encephalitis; 5.8 Lesions of the upper and lower motor neurons; 5.9 Cerebellar disorders; Section 6: Respirology6.1 Upper respiratory tract infection6.2 Croup; 6.3 Foreign body aspiration; 6.4 Childhood asthma; 6.5 Rhinitis; 6.6 Lower respiratory tract infection; 6.7 Pneumonia; 6.8 Pleurisy, Pleural effusion and Empyema; 6.9 Bronchiolitis; 6.10 Pneumothorax; 6.11 Tuberculosis in children; Section 7: Nephrology; 7.1 Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN); 7.2 Nephrotic syndrome; 7.3 Acute kidney injury; 7.4 Chronic kidney disease (CKD); 7.5 Urinary tract infection/Pyelonephritis; 7.6 Renal tubular acidosis (RTA); 7.7 Posterior urethral valve; 7.8 Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS); 7.9 Hypertension7.10 Water and electrolytes7.11 HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN); 7.12 Nephroprevention; Section 8: Dermatology; 8.1 Eczema/Atopic Dermatitis; 8.2 Impetigo; 8.3 Ecthyma; 8.4 Hair follicle infections; 8.5 Erysipelas and Cellulitis; 8.6 Erythema Multiforme I; 8.7 Erythema Multiforme II (Epidermal Necrolysis); 8.8 Superficial Mycosis I; 8.9 Superficial Mycosis II; 8.10 Ichthyosis; 8.11 Seborrhoeic Dermatitis; 8.12 Transient skin disorders of the newborn; Section 9: Oncology; 9.1 Benign and malignant tumours; 9.2 Burkitt Lymphoma; 9.3 Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL); 9.4 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma1 online resource (795 p.

Highly Steroid Responsive Nephrotic Syndrome in Children in Asaba, South-South Nigeria: A 5 Year Review

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