Lower Body Positive Pressure Application with an Antigravity Suit in Acute Carotid Occlusion

The challenge in acute stroke is still to reperfuse as early as possible the ischemic territory. Since fibrinolytic therapies have a limited window with potential risk of bleeding, having a nonpharmacologic mean to recruit vessels in area surrounding necrosis might be useful. We propose here to use antigravity suit inflated at “venous” pressure levels to shift blood towards thoracic and brain territories. We report two cases of spectacular clinical recovery after acute carotid occlusion

Efficient Production of HIV-1 Virus-Like Particles from a Mammalian Expression Vector Requires the N-Terminal Capsid Domain

It is now well accepted that the structural protein Pr55Gag is sufficient by itself to produce HIV-1 virus-like particles (VLPs). This polyprotein precursor contains different domains including matrix, capsid, SP1, nucleocapsid, SP2 and p6. In the present study, we wanted to determine by mutagenesis which region(s) is essential to the production of VLPs when Pr55Gag is inserted in a mammalian expression vector, which allows studying the protein of interest in the absence of other viral proteins. To do so, we first studied a minimal Pr55Gag sequence called Gag min that was used previously. We found that Gag min fails to produce VLPs when expressed in an expression vector instead of within a molecular clone. This failure occurs early in the cell at the assembly of viral proteins. We then generated a series of deletion and substitution mutants, and examined their ability to produce VLPs by combining biochemical and microscopic approaches. We demonstrate that the matrix region is not necessary, but that the efficiency of VLP production depends strongly on the presence of its basic region. Moreover, the presence of the N-terminal domain of capsid is required for VLP production when Gag is expressed alone. These findings, combined with previous observations indicating that HIV-1 Pr55Gag-derived VLPs act as potent stimulators of innate and acquired immunity, make the use of this strategy worth considering for vaccine development

Terrestrial behavior in titi monkeys (Callicebus, Cheracebus, and Plecturocebus) : potential correlates, patterns, and differences between genera

For arboreal primates, ground use may increase dispersal opportunities, tolerance to habitat change, access to ground-based resources, and resilience to human disturbances, and so has conservation implications. We collated published and unpublished data from 86 studies across 65 localities to assess titi monkey (Callicebinae) terrestriality. We examined whether the frequency of terrestrial activity correlated with study duration (a proxy for sampling effort), rainfall level (a proxy for food availability seasonality), and forest height (a proxy for vertical niche dimension). Terrestrial activity was recorded frequently for Callicebus and Plecturocebus spp., but rarely for Cheracebus spp. Terrestrial resting, anti-predator behavior, geophagy, and playing frequencies in Callicebus and Plecturocebus spp., but feeding and moving differed. Callicebus spp. often ate or searched for new leaves terrestrially. Plecturocebus spp. descended primarily to ingest terrestrial invertebrates and soil. Study duration correlated positively and rainfall level negatively with terrestrial activity. Though differences in sampling effort and methods limited comparisons and interpretation, overall, titi monkeys commonly engaged in a variety of terrestrial activities. Terrestrial behavior in Callicebus and Plecturocebus capacities may bolster resistance to habitat fragmentation. However, it is uncertain if the low frequency of terrestriality recorded for Cheracebus spp. is a genus-specific trait associated with a more basal phylogenetic position, or because studies of this genus occurred in pristine habitats. Observations of terrestrial behavior increased with increasing sampling effort and decreasing food availability. Overall, we found a high frequency of terrestrial behavior in titi monkeys, unlike that observed in other pitheciids

Challenges of Delivering Cross-Sectorial Employment Policies in France

International audienc

Challenges of Delivering Activation Friendly Integration Policies: French Street Level Bureaucrats’Discretion into Questions, Presentation

International audienc

Challenges of Delivering Activation Friendly Integration Policies: French Street Level Bureaucrats’Discretion into Questions, Presentation

International audienc

Challenges of Delivering Cross-Sectorial Employment Policies in France

International audienc

OURSIN : OUtil de Répartition deS INcertitudes de mesure de débit par aDcp mobile

Évaluer la contribution des différentes sources d'erreur d'un jaugeage aDcp permet de connaître l'incertitude de cette mesure. En s'inspirant des travaux de recherche déjà réalisés sur ce sujet, CNR a développé une application baptisée OURSIN qui se veut un outil opérationnel d'aide à la décision ayant pour vocation d'être diffusé librement à tous les producteurs de mesure aDcp. Le principe d'OURSIN consiste à appliquer le GUM en décomposant le débit en plusieurs termes, puis réaliser l'évaluation de l'incertitude-type de certaines composantes à partir de calculs de sensibilité. Au final, OURSIN fournit le budget des incertitudes des différentes composantes. Ainsi, l'hydromètre disposera d'une valeur d'incertitude plus pertinente qu'un simple commentaire ≪ à dire d'expert ». Cela devrait lui permettre d'améliorer sa façon de faire pour, in fine, réduire l'incertitude associée à ses jaugeages. CNR souhaite poursuivre cette démarche d'incertitude aDcp avec l'ensemble des organismes nationaux et internationaux pour aboutir si cela était possible à une méthodologie commune d'estimation d'incertitude