Fresnellinsen in integriert optischen Wellenlaengenmultiplexern

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DW 3542 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle

Muscular adaptations can be triggered by exercise and diet. As vegan and vegetarian diets differ in nutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet, a change in dietary regimen might alter physiological responses to physical exercise and influence physical performance. Mitochondria abundance, muscle capillary density, hemoglobin concentration, endothelial function, functional heart morphology and availability of carbohydrates affect endurance performance and can be influenced by diet. Based on these factors, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially advantageous properties for endurance performance. Properties of the contractile elements, muscle protein synthesis, the neuromuscular system and phosphagen availability affect strength performance and can also be influenced by diet. However, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially disadvantageous properties for strength performance. Current research has failed to demonstrate consistent differences of performance between diets but a trend towards improved performance after vegetarian and vegan diets for both endurance and strength exercise has been shown. Importantly, diet alters molecular signaling via leucine, creatine, DHA and EPA that directly modulates skeletal muscle adaptation. By changing the gut microbiome, diet can modulate signaling through the production of SFCA

Cityring - Zubringerring fuer Breitband-Teilnehmeranschlussnetze Abschlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(87,42) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Resistance exercise-induced muscle fatigue is not accompanied by increased phosphorylation of ryanodine receptor 1 at serine 2843.

Skeletal muscle fatigue has been shown to be associated with hyperphosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor 1 at serine 2843 (pRyR1Ser2843), due to chronic overloading exercise. We investigated whether pRyR1Ser2843, is a mechanism relevant for muscle fatigue also under acute, in contrast to chronic, muscle loading. 24 male subjects (age: 24,8±3,8; height: 182,8±7,2 cm; weight: 82,5±9,9 kg) were evenly (n = 6) assigned to the following four different resistance exercise (RE) groups: hypertrophy- (HYP), strength endurance- (SE), maximum power- (MAX) at the subjects' 10, 25 and 3 repetition maximum, respectively, and low intensity (LI) RE with 70% of the 10 repetition maximum. Each group completed three different RE volumes (1 set, 5, and 10 sets). Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were taken before and after exercise, analyzed for pRyR1Ser2843 and examined for association with RE-induced muscle fatigue which was determined as reduction in maximum isometric force (isoFmax) in the quadriceps femoris muscle also before and after exercise.The degree of RE-induced muscle fatigue was specific in terms of set volume as well as of RE mode. isoFmax was not reduced in any group after one set of RE. Five sets led to a significant reduction of isoFmax in HYP and SE but not in LI and MAX (p<0,05). Ten sets of RE, as compared to five sets, exclusively induced further muscle fatigue in LI. In terms of RE mode differences, isoFmax reduction was generally higher in HYP and SE than in MAX and Li after five and ten sets of RE (p<0,05). However, pRyR1Ser2843 did not show any significant regulation, regardless of exercise condition. We conclude that despite its relevance in reducing muscle contractility in chronic overloading, pRyR1Ser2843 does not reflect the degree of muscle fatigue exerted by acute hypertrophy-, strength endurance-, maximum power and low intensity-oriented exercise

Studie zur Entwicklung eines DV-Anwendersystems zur kartographischen Darstellung von Wasserbeschaffenheitsdaten

To improve the visualization and spatial representation of land wide water quality data the possibilities were examined of visualizing this data in the form of business graphics and integrating it into a digital map. As a result of the study recommendations with regard to - the setting up of a new data model to store this information, - the use of client/server technology, - the importing of Geographical Information Systems and - the available hardware would be given. (orig.)Zur Verbesserung der Visualisierung und der raumbezogenen Darstellung von landesweiten Gewaesserzustandsdaten waren Moeglichkeiten zu untersuchen, diese Daten zu recherchieren, in Form von Geschaeftsgrafiken zu visualisieren und in eine digitale Gewaessernetzkarte zu integrieren. Im Ergebnis der Studie wurden Empfehlungen hinsichtlich - der Einrichtung eines neuen Datenmodells zur Speicherung der Gewaesserzustandsdaten, - der Nutzung von Client/Server-Technologien, - der Einfuehrung von Geographischen Informationssystemen und - der bereitzustellenden Hardware gegeben. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RN 8908(94-171) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Study design.

<p>F-pre-I, -V, -X = maximum isometric force testing 3 min prior to one, five and ten set exercise; F-post-I, -V, -X = maximum isometric force testing 2 min after one, five and ten set exercise; F-25post-I, -V, -X = maximum isometric force testing 25 min after one, five and ten set exercise; B-0 = resting muscle biopsy (non exercising leg); B-I, -V, -X = muscle biopsy 25 min after one, five and ten exercise sets; B-0X = muscle biopsy after ten sets at non exercising leg.</p

Reduction in voluntary isometric torque in dependency of previously administered resistance exercise (RE) load volume.

<p>Maximal voluntary isometric torque of quadriceps femoris was assessed before (pre) and 25 min after completion of one set (I), five (V) and ten (X) sets of resistance exercise in the following groups: hypertrophy (HYP), strength endurance (SE), maximum power (MAX) at the subjects’ 10, 25 and 3 repetition maximum (RM), respectively, and low intensity (LI) oriented RE with 70% of the subjects’ 10 RM. * = different to pre with p<0,05, ** p<0,01, *** p<0,001; # = different to I; $ = different to V; error bars are 1*SD of the mean.</p