Table_1_Executive Subdomains Are Differentially Associated With Psychosocial Outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder.DOCX

<p>Background: Deficits in executive functioning are frequently associated with poor psychosocial outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, there is a poor understanding of the domain-specific relationships between executive subdomains (e.g., forward planning, decision making) and specific psychosocial issues (e.g., occupational functioning, social relationships). The current study explored these relationships across currently depressed and remitted MDD patients, as well as a healthy control group.</p><p>Methods: Data from 142 participants were obtained from the Cognitive Functioning and Mood Study (CoFaM-S), a cross sectional study of mood, cognition, and psychosocial functioning in mood disorders. Participants' [current depression n = 31, remitted depression n = 52, healthy controls (HC) n = 59] executive functioning was evaluated with well-established tests of executive subdomains (i.e., Tower of London, card sorting, Stroop task). The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was employed to clinically evaluate psychosocial dysfunction.</p><p>Results: The results indicated that forward planning was most strongly associated with psychosocial issues in the current depression group as compared to HCs, while cognitive updating was primary in the remitted group vs. HC.</p><p>Conclusions: These findings suggest that executive subdomains are deferentially associated with psychosocial issues across different stages of depressive illness, and that forward planning and cognitive updating should be considered in adjunctive cognitive treatment.</p

Table_3_Executive Subdomains Are Differentially Associated With Psychosocial Outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder.DOCX

<p>Background: Deficits in executive functioning are frequently associated with poor psychosocial outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, there is a poor understanding of the domain-specific relationships between executive subdomains (e.g., forward planning, decision making) and specific psychosocial issues (e.g., occupational functioning, social relationships). The current study explored these relationships across currently depressed and remitted MDD patients, as well as a healthy control group.</p><p>Methods: Data from 142 participants were obtained from the Cognitive Functioning and Mood Study (CoFaM-S), a cross sectional study of mood, cognition, and psychosocial functioning in mood disorders. Participants' [current depression n = 31, remitted depression n = 52, healthy controls (HC) n = 59] executive functioning was evaluated with well-established tests of executive subdomains (i.e., Tower of London, card sorting, Stroop task). The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was employed to clinically evaluate psychosocial dysfunction.</p><p>Results: The results indicated that forward planning was most strongly associated with psychosocial issues in the current depression group as compared to HCs, while cognitive updating was primary in the remitted group vs. HC.</p><p>Conclusions: These findings suggest that executive subdomains are deferentially associated with psychosocial issues across different stages of depressive illness, and that forward planning and cognitive updating should be considered in adjunctive cognitive treatment.</p

Table_2_Executive Subdomains Are Differentially Associated With Psychosocial Outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder.DOCX

<p>Background: Deficits in executive functioning are frequently associated with poor psychosocial outcomes in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, there is a poor understanding of the domain-specific relationships between executive subdomains (e.g., forward planning, decision making) and specific psychosocial issues (e.g., occupational functioning, social relationships). The current study explored these relationships across currently depressed and remitted MDD patients, as well as a healthy control group.</p><p>Methods: Data from 142 participants were obtained from the Cognitive Functioning and Mood Study (CoFaM-S), a cross sectional study of mood, cognition, and psychosocial functioning in mood disorders. Participants' [current depression n = 31, remitted depression n = 52, healthy controls (HC) n = 59] executive functioning was evaluated with well-established tests of executive subdomains (i.e., Tower of London, card sorting, Stroop task). The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was employed to clinically evaluate psychosocial dysfunction.</p><p>Results: The results indicated that forward planning was most strongly associated with psychosocial issues in the current depression group as compared to HCs, while cognitive updating was primary in the remitted group vs. HC.</p><p>Conclusions: These findings suggest that executive subdomains are deferentially associated with psychosocial issues across different stages of depressive illness, and that forward planning and cognitive updating should be considered in adjunctive cognitive treatment.</p

Impact of Serum Biomarkers on Memory Domains of Cognitive Function in Overall Sample.

†<p>Linear regression adjusted for age and education; beta = standardized beta-coefficient; CI = confidence interval;</p><p>*significant at p<0.05;</p><p>CRP: C-reactive protein; HB g/l: Haemoglobin g/l; Aortic dia: aortic diameter; TAG: Triglycerides; LDL: low density lipoprotein.</p

RBANS Single Cognitive Test and Summary Scores across Vascular Groups.

<p>AAA denotes abdominal aortic aneurysm; IC denotes intermittent claudication; RBANS denotes Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status; SD denotes standard deviation; </p><p>† p-values derived from student t test for mean comparison across two groups (AAA vs IC); n.s. denotes not significant.</p

Neurocognitive and Psychiatric Symptoms across Vascular Sample.

<p>AAA denotes abdominal aortic aneurysm; IC denotes intermittent claudication; RBANS denotes Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status; # includes ‘widowed’ participants: </p><p>* p-value derived from univariate analysis for mean comparison of variables with three groups (age, education, marital status) and student t-test for comparison of means of variables with two groups (patient groups, gender): p-value = 0.031.</p

Basic socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with AAA or Intermittent Claudication.

<p>SD denotes standard deviation; AAA denotes abdominal aortic aneurysm; IC denotes intermittent claudication; CHD denotes coronary heart disease; BMI denotes body mass index; CRP denotes C-Reactive Protein; # includes ‘widowed’ participants;</p><p>* p-value of Chi-square test for categorical data and two sample t-test for continuous data.</p

Characteristics of Asthma and No Asthma groups.

<p>Characteristics of Asthma and No Asthma groups.</p

Linear growth model coefficients for longitudinal change on the SF-36 physical subscale.

<p>Linear growth model coefficients for longitudinal change on the SF-36 physical subscale.</p

Scatterplot of all participants’ STAI scores throughout pregnancy.

<p>The red line indicates the regression of mean scores over time. Statistically, STAI scores were stable over time for the overall cohort (β = 0.01, p = 0.18).</p