Participation in Rulemaking in Italy

Italian law there are no general statutory provisions requiring participation of interested parties in rulemaking procedures. However, specific provisions, requiring various forms of participation for some kinds of procedure or for some authorities, are increasing in number. After describing some relevant features of the Italian legal system and accounting for the legal regime of rulemaking, this paper briefly provides a short overview of the relevant law and considers the reasons for not having general statutory provisions and the reasons for the rise of participation practices. In conclusion, it brings to the attention some recent developments, which could restrict or jeopardize participation in rulemaking

administrative law in italy an historical sketch

As tres primeiras partes deste artigo descrevem a evolucao do direito administrativo italiano, da fundacao do Estado unitario, na segunda metade do seculo XIX, ate o presente momento. A quarta parte e dedicada a analise de algumas caracteristicas gerais do direito administrativo atual, com foco especial em seus "criterios", por exemplo, suas fronteiras e sua distincao de outras provincias do direito. No seculo XIX, o Estado unitario e o direito administrativo surgiram e se desenvolveram na Italia. As caracteristicas de ambos foram fortemente influenciadas pelo processo de unificacao e por acontecimentos politicos. Na primeira metade do seculo XX, o direito administrativo passou por grandes desenvolvimentos, envolvendo uma gama de tarefas administrativas, o tamanho das administracoes, sua organizacao e suas relacoes com os cidadaos. O direito administrativo ainda foi afetado por acontecimentos politicos e exibiu sua faceta autoritaria. Na segunda metade do seculo, muitas tendencias que tinham comecado no periodo anterior continuaram e alguns dos problemas que surgiram na primeira metade do seculo cresceram de forma mais grave. O contexto institucional, no entanto, foi muito diferente. Os principios da Constituicao democratica mudaram gradualmente a forma do direito administrativo, que veio para mostrar sua faceta liberal. No inicio do seculo XXI, os problemas de delimitacao do direito administrativo puderam ser atribuidos a tres perfis principais: a distincao de direito privado; o da correspondencia entre direito administrativo e da justica administrativa e, portanto, da reparticao da competencia; e o de colocacao dentro da esfera do direito publico. The first three parts of the essay describe the evolution of Italian administrative law, from the foundation of the unitary state, in the second half of the 19th century, to the present time. The fourth part is devoted to the analysis of some general features of administrative law today, especially focusing on its "criterion," i.e. its borders and its distinction from other provinces of law. In the 19th century both the unitary State and the administrative law were born and developed in Italy. The features of the latter were strongly influenced by the unification process and by political events. In the first half of the 20th century administrative law underwent major developments involving the range of administrative tasks, the size of administrations, their organization and their relations with citizens. Administrative law was still affected by political developments and displayed its authoritarian facet. In the second half of the century, many trends which had begun in the former period continued and some of the problems which had arisen in the first half of the century grew more serious. The institutional context, however, was very different. The principles of the democratic Constitution gradually changed the shape of administrative law, which came to display its liberal facet. At the beginning of the 21st century, the problems of delimiting administrative law may be traced to three main profiles: that of the distinction from private law; that of the correspondence between administrative law and administrative justice and, therefore, of the apportioning of jurisdiction; that of placement within the sphere of public law