<i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> ITS-<i>BT2</i> haplotype network, with geographical distribution, gaps and missing data excluded.

<p>Three main clusters (cA~cC) were recognizable in concatenated ITS-<i>BT2</i> sequence data of <i>C</i>. <i>carrionii</i>. Cluster cC took a most distant position and harbored the largest diversity. Cluster cB was dominated by Asian strains. Strains of group cA nearly all came from South or Central America. These groups matched with groups (AFLP-A~AFLP-D) given by AFLP analysis. The majority of African strains clustered close to group AFLP-A, and subcluster AFLP-D which contain the majority of strains clustered in sequence-based group cA’ and cB’.</p

Neutrality test of <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> and <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. based on concatenated ITS-<i>BT2</i> data.

<p>D* Excess of low-frequency variants, as a result from population expansion, weak negative selection or positive selection</p><p>F* Excess of intermediate-frequency alleles, as a result from population bottlenecks, structure and/or balancing selection</p><p>Neutrality test of <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> and <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. based on concatenated ITS-<i>BT2</i> data.</p

Split decomposition network of <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> constructed with Splitstree (S1 Text).

<p>Split decomposition network of <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> constructed with Splitstree (<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004004#pntd.0004004.s009" target="_blank">S1 Text</a>).</p

<i>Fonsecaea monophora</i>, <i>F</i>. <i>pedrosoi</i>, <i>F</i>. <i>nubica</i> ITS-<i>BT2</i> haplotype network, with geographical distribution, gaps and missing data excluded.

<p>In combined ITS-<i>BT2</i> sequence data of <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp., three widely different groups were recognizable (fA~fC), representing the three described <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp.</p

Genetic differentiation among populations occurring on different continents of <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. based on concatenated ITS-<i>BT2</i> sequence, <i>Fst</i> indices for <i>Fonsecaea pedrosoi</i>, <i>F</i>. <i>monophora</i>, <i>F</i>. <i>nubica</i> (n = 60) groups.

<p><i>F</i>_<i>st</i> indices interpretion:</p><p>0–0.05: little genetic differentiation; 0.05–0.15: moderate genetic differentiation</p><p>0.15–0.25: great genetic differentiation; > 0.25: very great genetic differentiation (isolation)</p><p>Genetic differentiation among populations occurring on different continents of <i>Fonsecaea</i> spp. based on concatenated ITS-<i>BT2</i> sequence, <i>Fst</i> indices for <i>Fonsecaea pedrosoi</i>, <i>F</i>. <i>monophora</i>, <i>F</i>. <i>nubica</i> (n = 60) groups.</p

Genetic differentiation among populations occurring on different continents of <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> based on concatenated ITS-<i>BT2</i> sequence data, <i>Fst</i> indices for <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> (n = 67).

<p><i>F</i>_<i>st</i> indices interpretion:</p><p>0–0.05: little genetic differentiation; 0.05–0.15: moderate genetic differentiation</p><p>0.15–0.25: great genetic differentiation; > 0.25: very great genetic differentiation (isolation)</p><p>Genetic differentiation among populations occurring on different continents of <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> based on concatenated ITS-<i>BT2</i> sequence data, <i>Fst</i> indices for <i>Cladophialophora carrionii</i> (n = 67).</p