5,301 research outputs found
Coherence of the posterior predictive p-value based on the posterior odds.
^aIt is well-known that classical p-values sometimes behave
incoherently for testing hypotheses in the sense that, when
, the support given to
is greater than or equal to the support given to
. This problem is also found for posterior
predictive p-values (a Bayesian-motivated alternative to classical
p-values). In this paper, it is proved that, under some conditions,
the posterior predictive p-value based on the posterior odds is
coherent, showing that the choice of a suitable discrepancy variable
is crucial
MOND as the weak-field limit of an extended metric theory of gravity
We show that the Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) regime can be fully
recovered as the weak-field limit of a particular theory of gravity formulated
in the metric approach. This is possible when Milgrom's acceleration constant
is taken as a fundamental quantity which couples to the theory in a very
consistent manner. As a consequence, the scale invariance of the gravitational
interaction is naturally broken. In this sense, Newtonian gravity is the
weak-field limit of general relativity and MOND is the weak-field limit of that
particular extended theory of gravity.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 2011 Spanish Relativity Meeting
(ERE2011) held in Madrid, Spain, 4 page
MOND's acceleration scale as a fundamental quantity
Some quantum-cosmic scaling relations indicate that the MOND acceleration
parameter a_0 could be a fundamental quantity ruling the self-gravitating
structures, ranging from stars and globular clusters up to superclusters of
galaxies and the whole observed universe. We discuss such coincidence relations
starting from the Dirac quantization condition ruling the masses of primordial
black holes.Comment: 6 page
Gravitational Lensing in the metric theory proposed by Sobouti
Recently, Y. Sobouti (2007) has provided a metric theory f(R) that can
account for certain dynamical anomalies observed in spiral galaxies. Mendoza &
Rosas-Guevara (2007) have shown that in this theory there is an extra-bending
as compared to standard general relativity. In the present work we have
developed in more specific detail this additional lensing effect and we have
made evaluations of the alpha parameter used in the model adjusting the theory
to observations in X-rays of 13 clusters of galaxies with gravitational lensing
(Hoekstra (2007)).Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Non-relativistic Extended Gravity and its applications across different astrophysical scales
Using dimensional analysis techniques we present an extension of Newton's
gravitational theory built under the assumption that Milgrom's acceleration
constant is a fundamental quantity of nature. The gravitational force converges
to Newton's gravity and to a MOND-like description in two different mass and
length regimes. It is shown that a modification on the force sector (and not in
the dynamical one as MOND does) is more convenient and can reproduce and
predict different phenomena usually ascribed to dark matter at the
non-relativistic level.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 2011 Spanish
Relativity Meeting (ERE2011) held in Madrid, Spai
Consonant Context Effects on Vowel Sensorimotor Adaptation
Speech sensorimotor adaptation is the short-term learning of modified articulator movements evoked through sensory-feedback perturbations. A common experimental method manipulates acoustic parameters, such as formant frequencies, using real time resynthesis of the participant\u27s speech to perturb auditory feedback. While some studies have examined phrases comprised of vowels, diphthongs, and semivowels, the bulk of research on auditory feedback-driven sensorimotor adaptation has focused on vowels in neutral contexts (/hVd/). The current study investigates coarticulatory influences of adjacent consonants on sensorimotor adaptation. The purpose is to evaluate differences in the adaptation effects for vowels in consonant environments that vary by place and manner of articulation. In particular, we addressed the hypothesis that contexts with greater intra-articulator coarticulation and more static articulatory postures (alveolars and fricatives) offer greater resistance to vowel adaptation than contexts with primarily inter-articulator coarticulation and more dynamic articulatory patterns (bilabials and stops). Participants completed formant perturbation-driven vowel adaptation experiments for varying CVCs. Results from discrete formant measures at the vowel midpoint were generally consistent with the hypothesis. Analyses of more complete formant trajectories suggest that adaptation can also (or alternatively) influence formant onsets, offsets, and transitions, resulting in complex formant pattern changes that may reflect modifications to consonant articulatio
Susceptibility Inhomogeneity and Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in Ce(Ru_{0.5}Rh_{0.5})_2Si_2
Magnetic susceptibility and muon spin rotation (\muSR) experiments have been
carried out to study the effect of structural disorder on the non-Fermi-liquid
(NFL) behavior of the heavy-fermion alloy Ce(Ru_{0.5}Rh_{0.5})_2Si_2. Analysis
of the bulk susceptibility in the framework of disorder-driven Griffiths-phase
and Kondo-disorder models for NFL behavior yields relatively narrow
distributions of characteristic spin fluctuation energies, in agreement with
\muSR linewidths that give the inhomogeneous spread in susceptibility. \muSR
and NMR data both indicate that disorder explains the "nearly NFL" behavior
observed above \sim2 K, but does not dominate the NFL physics found at low
temperatures and low magnetic fields.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev.
A cosmological dust model with extended f(chi) gravity
Introducing a fundamental constant of nature with dimensions of acceleration
into the theory of gravity makes it possible to extend gravity in a very
consistent manner. At the non-relativistic level a MOND-like theory with a
modification in the force sector is obtained, which is the limit of a very
general metric relativistic theory of gravity. Since the mass and length scales
involved in the dynamics of the whole universe require small accelerations of
the order of Milgrom's acceleration constant a_0, it turns out that the
relativistic theory of gravity can be used to explain the expansion of the
universe. In this work it is explained how to use that relativistic theory of
gravity in such a way that the overall large-scale dynamics of the universe can
be treated in a pure metric approach without the need to introduce dark matter
and/or dark energy components.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in the European Physical
Journal
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