Coherence of the posterior predictive p-value based on the posterior odds.

^aIt is well-known that classical p-values sometimes behave incoherently for testing hypotheses in the sense that, when $\Theta_{0} \subset \Theta_{0}{'}$, the support given to $\Theta_{0}$ is greater than or equal to the support given to $\Theta_{0}^{'}$ . This problem is also found for posterior predictive p-values (a Bayesian-motivated alternative to classical p-values). In this paper, it is proved that, under some conditions, the posterior predictive p-value based on the posterior odds is coherent, showing that the choice of a suitable discrepancy variable is crucial

MOND as the weak-field limit of an extended metric theory of gravity

We show that the Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) regime can be fully recovered as the weak-field limit of a particular theory of gravity formulated in the metric approach. This is possible when Milgrom's acceleration constant is taken as a fundamental quantity which couples to the theory in a very consistent manner. As a consequence, the scale invariance of the gravitational interaction is naturally broken. In this sense, Newtonian gravity is the weak-field limit of general relativity and MOND is the weak-field limit of that particular extended theory of gravity.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 2011 Spanish Relativity Meeting (ERE2011) held in Madrid, Spain, 4 page

MOND's acceleration scale as a fundamental quantity

Some quantum-cosmic scaling relations indicate that the MOND acceleration parameter a_0 could be a fundamental quantity ruling the self-gravitating structures, ranging from stars and globular clusters up to superclusters of galaxies and the whole observed universe. We discuss such coincidence relations starting from the Dirac quantization condition ruling the masses of primordial black holes.Comment: 6 page

Gravitational Lensing in the metric theory proposed by Sobouti

Recently, Y. Sobouti (2007) has provided a metric theory f(R) that can account for certain dynamical anomalies observed in spiral galaxies. Mendoza & Rosas-Guevara (2007) have shown that in this theory there is an extra-bending as compared to standard general relativity. In the present work we have developed in more specific detail this additional lensing effect and we have made evaluations of the alpha parameter used in the model adjusting the theory to observations in X-rays of 13 clusters of galaxies with gravitational lensing (Hoekstra (2007)).Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

Non-relativistic Extended Gravity and its applications across different astrophysical scales

Using dimensional analysis techniques we present an extension of Newton's gravitational theory built under the assumption that Milgrom's acceleration constant is a fundamental quantity of nature. The gravitational force converges to Newton's gravity and to a MOND-like description in two different mass and length regimes. It is shown that a modification on the force sector (and not in the dynamical one as MOND does) is more convenient and can reproduce and predict different phenomena usually ascribed to dark matter at the non-relativistic level.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 2011 Spanish Relativity Meeting (ERE2011) held in Madrid, Spai

Consonant Context Effects on Vowel Sensorimotor Adaptation

Speech sensorimotor adaptation is the short-term learning of modified articulator movements evoked through sensory-feedback perturbations. A common experimental method manipulates acoustic parameters, such as formant frequencies, using real time resynthesis of the participant\u27s speech to perturb auditory feedback. While some studies have examined phrases comprised of vowels, diphthongs, and semivowels, the bulk of research on auditory feedback-driven sensorimotor adaptation has focused on vowels in neutral contexts (/hVd/). The current study investigates coarticulatory influences of adjacent consonants on sensorimotor adaptation. The purpose is to evaluate differences in the adaptation effects for vowels in consonant environments that vary by place and manner of articulation. In particular, we addressed the hypothesis that contexts with greater intra-articulator coarticulation and more static articulatory postures (alveolars and fricatives) offer greater resistance to vowel adaptation than contexts with primarily inter-articulator coarticulation and more dynamic articulatory patterns (bilabials and stops). Participants completed formant perturbation-driven vowel adaptation experiments for varying CVCs. Results from discrete formant measures at the vowel midpoint were generally consistent with the hypothesis. Analyses of more complete formant trajectories suggest that adaptation can also (or alternatively) influence formant onsets, offsets, and transitions, resulting in complex formant pattern changes that may reflect modifications to consonant articulatio

Susceptibility Inhomogeneity and Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in Ce(Ru_{0.5}Rh_{0.5})_2Si_2

Magnetic susceptibility and muon spin rotation (\muSR) experiments have been carried out to study the effect of structural disorder on the non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior of the heavy-fermion alloy Ce(Ru_{0.5}Rh_{0.5})_2Si_2. Analysis of the bulk susceptibility in the framework of disorder-driven Griffiths-phase and Kondo-disorder models for NFL behavior yields relatively narrow distributions of characteristic spin fluctuation energies, in agreement with \muSR linewidths that give the inhomogeneous spread in susceptibility. \muSR and NMR data both indicate that disorder explains the "nearly NFL" behavior observed above \sim2 K, but does not dominate the NFL physics found at low temperatures and low magnetic fields.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev.

A cosmological dust model with extended f(chi) gravity

Introducing a fundamental constant of nature with dimensions of acceleration into the theory of gravity makes it possible to extend gravity in a very consistent manner. At the non-relativistic level a MOND-like theory with a modification in the force sector is obtained, which is the limit of a very general metric relativistic theory of gravity. Since the mass and length scales involved in the dynamics of the whole universe require small accelerations of the order of Milgrom's acceleration constant a_0, it turns out that the relativistic theory of gravity can be used to explain the expansion of the universe. In this work it is explained how to use that relativistic theory of gravity in such a way that the overall large-scale dynamics of the universe can be treated in a pure metric approach without the need to introduce dark matter and/or dark energy components.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal