Putting theory oriented evaluation into practice

Evaluations of gaming simulations and business games as teaching devices are typically end-state driven. This emphasis fails to detect how the simulation being evaluated does or does not bring about its desired consequences. This paper advances the use of a logic model approach which possesses a holistic perspective that aims at including all elements associated with the situation created by a game. The use of the logic model approach is illustrated as applied to Simgame, a board game created for secondary school level business education in six European Union countries

The roles of the formal and informal sectors in the provision of effective science education

For many years, formal school science education has been criticised by students, teachers, parents and employers throughout the world. This article presents an argument that a greater collaboration between the formal and the informal sector could address some of these criticisms. The causes for concern about formal science education are summarised and the major approaches being taken to address them are outlined. The contributions that the informal sector currently makes to science education are identified. It is suggested that the provision of an effective science education entails an enhanced complementarity between the two sectors. Finally, there is a brief discussion of the collaboration and communication still needed if this is to be effective

ESR Spectroscopy in membrane biophysics

Spectroscopic methods are not only important as an analytical tool, they also provide information about fundamental physical and chemical properties of molecules, the molecular and electronic structure, and the dynamic behaviour of molecules. Starting from a comprehensive quantum mechanical description, this book introduces the optical (IR, Raman, UV/Vis, CD, fluorescence and laser spectroscopy) and magnetic resonance (1D and 2D-NMR, ESR) techniques. It is a timely review of the increasing interest in using spin-label ESR as an alternative structural technique for NMR or X-ray diffraction. It is aimed at training an audience to learn ESR spectroscopy to determine membrane protein structures, conformational dynamics and protein-lipid interaction

1H NMR characterization of two crambin species

Crambin displays amino acid heterogeneity at positions 22 (Pro or Ser) and 25 (Leu or Ile). Using reversed phase HPLC the crambin mixture can be resolved into two protein fractions. It is shown by amino acid analysis and NMR spectroscopy that these fractions represent single proteins (Ser-22/Ile-25 and Pro-22/ Leu-25 species). A first characterization of the 1H-NMR spectra of these species is presented