110 research outputs found

    Calibration of Troitsk nu-mass detector readout electronics by signal digital filters

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    We present the results of tuning and calibration of the detector electronics in the signal digitization mode. The goal of the experiment is to search for a possible sterile neutrino signature in tritium beta-decay. The read-out electronics work in direct oscilloscope mode, which requires to optimize time frame the with the goal to minimize noise and energy resolution. We use a 7-pixel silicon drift detector (SDD) and a CMOS charge sensitive preamplifier with very low integration capacitor. Amplifier forms a slowly rising output shape and operates in pulse-reset mode. The 125 MHz ADC digitizes the signals. Using calibration data from Fe55 and Am241 gamma sources we check triangular and trapezoid digital filters to obtain the best noise and energy resolution performance. We are also examining the option to differentiate the output signal.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

    LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY IN TREATMENT OF ENDOMETRIAL CANCER (RESULTS OF 7-YEAR CLINICAL EXPERIENCE AT THE N.N. PETROV NATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH ONCOLOGY CENTER)

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    Introduction. The main method of treatment of endometrial cancer, the most common oncological disease, is surgery. Introduction of high-tech operations into gynecological practice promoted active use of laparoscopy in treatment of malignant tumors of the endometrium.Objective. To evaluate effectiveness of video endoscopic surgery in treatment of endometrial cancer.Materials and methods. In the period from 2010 to 2016, 1127 patients with endometrial cancer underwent surgery using video endoscopic complex with high resolution cameras at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Oncology Center, Ministry of Health of Russia.Results.Β  Using video endoscopic technology, excision of the uterus with appendages was performed in 588 (52.3 %) patients, excision of the uterus with appendages and pelvic lymph node dissection was performed in 523 (46.4 %) patients including 16 (1.4 %) patients with serous and papillary serous forms of endometrial cancer who also underwent omentectomy. No intraoperative complications were observed. In the majority of patients, postoperative period was characterized by early activization, satisfactory intestinal peristalsis on day 1, minimal complications, absence of contraindications for adjuvant beam therapy.Conclusion. Video endoscopic technology is a modern method of surgical treatment allowing to perform the full scope of planned radical surgical intervention in patients with endometrial cancer irrespectively of age and concomitant disorders with minimal traumatization, risk of intraand postoperative complications as well as favorable and fast rehabilitation period

    НаслСдствСнныС злокачСствСнныС ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ яичника

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    Background. Hereditary genetic mutations are a significant risk factor for malignant transformation of cells and cancer development. Hereditary genetic mutations account for 15 to 25 % of all ovarian carcinomas. Purpose of the study: to summarize data on hereditary ovarian malignancies, namely: genetic defects, features of the clinical course, treatment options, and disease prevention. Material and methods. A systemic search was undertaken using PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library databases for publications from 1999 to 2021. Results. The review describes the main genetic defects and hereditary cancer syndromes predisposing to the development of hereditary malignant ovarian tumors. The features of the clinical course and response to drug therapy have been presented. This article summarizes clinical guidelines of the professional communities (National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), American Society Of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, and European Society For Medical Oncology (ESMO). These guidelines contain early detection strategies and approaches to prevent the development of cancers in mutation carriers. Conclusion. Detection of hereditary cancer syndromes is important for patients and their families. Recognizing hereditary predisposition to cancer is important to allow timely surveillance and preventative interventions for both patients and family members.Π’Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. НаслСдствСнныС Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² – достовСрный Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ риска злокачСствСнной трансформации ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ развития онкологичСских Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. На долю наслСдствСнных Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ приходится 15–25 % всСх случаСв ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ яичника. ЦСль исслСдования – ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ наслСдствСнных злокачСствСнных опухолях яичников: ассоциированных гСнСтичСских Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ…, особСнностях клиничСского тСчСния, лСчСния ΠΈ профилактичСских мСроприятий. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Поиск Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… источников выполнялся Π² Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ… PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с 1999 ΠΏΠΎ 2021 Π³. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠžΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ‹ основныС гСнСтичСскиС Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ассоциированныС с Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ синдромы, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ наслСдствСнных злокачСствСнных ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ яичника. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ особСнности клиничСского тСчСния ΠΈ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ лСкарствСнной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… сообщСств: ΠΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ онкологичСской сСти БША (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN), АмСриканского общСства клиничСской ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (American Society Of Clinical Oncology, ASCO), Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² БША (The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force), ЕвропСйского общСства мСдицинской ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (European Society For Medical Oncology, ESMO), Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ выявлСниС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈ прСдставлСн комплСкс профилактичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ для прСдотвращСния развития злокачСствСнных ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ яичника Ρƒ носитСлСй Π³Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ВыявлСниС наслСдствСнных ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… синдромов ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… сСмСй. Π‘Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ прСдрасполоТСнности ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ злокачСствСнных ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ позволяСт ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ скрининга ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ онкологичСских Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ

    Π˜ΡΠΊΡƒΡΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ вСнтиляция Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ лапароскопичСских опСрациях Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π’Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π±ΡƒΡ€Π³Π° (ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹)

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    Β  Β The literature review is devoted to the peculiarities of artificial lung ventilation (ALV) in patients with morbid obesity during laparoscopic oncosurgical interventions in the Trendelenburg position. At present, there are no consensus recommendations on the choice of the optimal ALV mode during anesthesia in this area of oncosurgery. When analyzing data obtained from other types of operations, there was no impression that there were significant advantages of any ALV modes, both with volume and pressure control. However, high values of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) have the most evidence of benefit in this category of patients, and the inversion of the duration of the respiratory cycle phases without creating a high PEEP can help reduce the risk of lung damage when all other ALV techniques do not allow for adequate oxygenation.Β  Β ΠžΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ посвящСн особСнностям провСдСния искусствСнной вСнтиляции Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… (Π˜Π’Π›) Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ΠΌΠΎΡ€Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ лапароскопичСских онкохирургичСских Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ… Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π’Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π±ΡƒΡ€Π³Π°. Π’ настоящСС врСмя ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° Π˜Π’Π› ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ анСстСзии Π² этой области ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΡ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅ слоТилось впСчатлСния ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… прСимущСств ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² Π˜Π’Π› – ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ с ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ давлСнию. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ большС всСго Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π² Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρ‹ примСнСния Ρƒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ высокиС значСния ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ давлСния Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄ΠΎΡ…Π° (ΠŸΠ”ΠšΠ’), инвСрсия ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ„Π°Π· Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Π±Π΅Π· создания высокого ΠŸΠ”ΠšΠ’ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сниТСнию риска поврСТдСния Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π² условиях, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° всС ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π˜Π’Π› Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ оксигСнации
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