Media Education in the Time of 'Brexit' (editorial).

Editor’s note – this editorial was written before Donald Trump was elected President Elect of the United States. Billy Bragg recently spoke of the ‘unintended consequences’ of Brexit, starting with Trump and likely continuing in France where Marine Le Pen is confident of evoking Brexit + Trump +++. Whilst this piece reflects on the implications for the related fields of media and media education in the light of Brexit, the situation has, of course, moved on. Perhaps the assumptions on which our key conceptual framework hinge, that the global education project mirrors broader egalitarian objectives to distribute cultural capital, provide equality of opportunity, respect diversity and resist prejudice, aren’t so sacred after all

Aggregate Confusion: The Divergence of ESG Ratings

This paper investigates the divergence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings based on data from six prominent ESG rating agencies: Kinder, Lydenberg, and Domini (KLD), Sustainalytics, Moody’s ESG (Vigeo-Eiris), S&P Global (RobecoSAM), Refinitiv (Asset4), and MSCI. We document the rating divergence and map the different methodologies onto a common taxonomy of categories. Using this taxonomy, we decompose the divergence into contributions of scope, measurement, and weight. Measurement contributes 56% of the divergence, scope 38%, and weight 6%. Further analyzing the reasons for measurement divergence, we detect a rater effect where a rater’s overall view of a firm influences the measurement of specific categories. The results call for greater attention to how the data underlying ESG ratings are generated