41 research outputs found
ACVIM Small Animal Consensus Recommendations on the Treatment and Prevention of Uroliths in Dogs and Cats.
In an age of advancing endoscopic and lithotripsy technologies, the management of urolithiasis poses a unique opportunity to advance compassionate veterinary care, not only for patients with urolithiasis but for those with other urinary diseases as well. The following are consensus-derived, research and experience-supported, patient-centered recommendations for the treatment and prevention of uroliths in dogs and cats utilizing contemporary strategies. Ultimately, we hope that these recommendations will serve as a foundation for ongoing and future clinical research and inspiration for innovative problem solving
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Early tumor response to intraarterial or intravenous administration of carboplatin to treat naturally occurring lower urinary tract carcinoma in dogs.
BackgroundSurvival times and tumor responses associated with malignant neoplasia of the lower urinary tract are poor despite the vast array of current treatments. Therefore, the evaluation of alternative treatments, such as intraarterial administration of chemotherapy (IAC) should be considered.ObjectiveTo describe a technique for superselective catheterization for IAC and to evaluate initial tumor response by ultrasonography after both IAC and intravenous administration of chemotherapy (IVC).AnimalsClient-owned dogs with lower urinary tract neoplasia treated with either IVC (n = 15) or IAC (n = 11).MethodsRetrospective study. An arterial approach via the carotid or femoral artery was utilized to obtain superselective access and administer chemotherapy in the IAC cases. Medical record review was performed, data were recorded, and recorded variables were evaluated statistically.ResultsIntraarterial chemotherapy was successfully administered in all cases. There was a significantly greater decrease in longest unidimensional measurement in the IAC group as compared to the IVC group (P = .013). The IAC group was also significantly more likely to have a tumor response as assessed by modified RECIST guidelines (P = .049). Dogs in the IAC group were significantly less likely to develop anemia (P = .001), lethargy (P = .010) and anorexia (P = .024).Conclusion and clinical importanceThis study demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of performing IAC for lower urinary tract neoplasia. Further investigation is necessary as the follow-up time was short and the impact on long-term outcome and survival was not determined
Drug-eluting Bead Chemoembolization for the Treatment of Nonresectable Hepatic Carcinoma in Dogs: A Prospective Clinical Trial
Abstract Background Effective treatment options for nonresectable hepatic carcinoma (HC) in dogs are limited. Hypothesis/Objective Objectives were to report outcomes, complications, and tumor responses via computed tomography (CT) assessment after drugâeluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEBâTACE) for nonresectable HC in dogs. The authors hypothesized that major complications would be uncommon and shortâterm CT assessment would demonstrate stable disease or partial response. Animals Clientâowned dogs (n = 16) with nonresectable HC. Methods Prospective, singleâarm clinical trial. Drugâeluting bead transarterial chemoembolization was performed to varying levels of blood flow stasis. Computed tomography imaging was compared before and approximately 12âweeks after initial treatment. Results Drugâeluting bead transarterial chemoembolization was successfully administered in all attempts. Based on percent change in elliptical tumor volume response (mL), stable disease (8/13; 62%) was the most common outcome followed by partial response (3/13; 23%) and progressive disease (2/13; 15%) with a median of 74âdays (range, 39â125) after initial treatment. Median tumor volume (mL) after DEBâTACE decreased in volume by 13% (range, 56% decrease to 77% increase). Mild complications consistent with postembolization syndrome occurred after 7/27 (26%) treatments. Major complications occurred after 3/27 (11%) treatments: hepatic abscess/septicemia (2) and cholecystitis/death (1), resulting in treatmentâinduced death after 2/27 (7%) treatments. Median survival time after treatment was 337âdays (range, 22â1061). Dogs with a presenting complaint of weight loss (P = .02) had a significantly shorter median survival time (126âdays; range, 46â337) than those dogs without prior history of weight loss (582âdays; range, 22â1061). Conclusions Drugâeluting bead transarterial chemoembolization for nonresectable HC is a feasible procedure, which promoted stable disease or partial response in 85% of dogs in this study sample