Gedanken über Protestantismus und Tradition

Digiteeritud Euroopa Regionaalarengu Fondi rahastusel, projekti "Eesti teadus- ja õppekirjandus" (2014-2020.12.03.21-0848) raames.https://www.ester.ee/record=b1667005*es

Auf verlorenem Posten : Schauspiel in 2 Acten

http://www.ester.ee/record=b3638196*es

Structure and dynamics of the fast lithium ion conductor "li 7La3Zr2O12"

The solid lithium-ion electrolyte "Li7La3Zr 2O12" (LLZO) with a garnet-type structure has been prepared in the cubic and tetragonal modification following conventional ceramic syntheses routes. Without aluminium doping tetragonal LLZO was obtained, which shows a two orders of magnitude lower room temperature conductivity than the cubic modification. Small concentrations of Al in the order of 1 wt% were sufficient to stabilize the cubic phase, which is known as a fast lithium-ion conductor. The structure and ion dynamics of Al-doped cubic LLZO were studied by impedance spectroscopy, dc conductivity measurements, 6Li and 7Li NMR, XRD, neutron powder diffraction, and TEM precession electron diffraction. From the results we conclude that aluminium is incorporated in the garnet lattice on the tetrahedral 24d Li site, thus stabilizing the cubic LLZO modification. Simulations based on diffraction data show that even at the low temperature of 4 K the Li ions are blurred over various crystallographic sites. This strong Li ion disorder in cubic Al-stabilized LLZO contributes to the high conductivity observed. The Li jump rates and the activation energy probed by NMR are in very good agreement with the transport parameters obtained from electrical conductivity measurements. The activation energy Ea characterizing long-range ion transport in the Al-stabilized cubic LLZO amounts to 0.34 eV. Total electric conductivities determined by ac impedance and a four point dc technique also agree very well and range from 1 × 10-4 Scm-1 to 4 × 10-4 Scm-1 depending on the Al content of the samples. The room temperature conductivity of Al-free tetragonal LLZO is about two orders of magnitude lower (2 × 10 -6 Scm-1, Ea = 0.49 eV activation energy). The electronic partial conductivity of cubic LLZO was measured using the Hebb-Wagner polarization technique. The electronic transference number te- is of the order of 10-7. Thus, cubic LLZO is an almost exclusive lithium ion conductor at ambient temperature. © the Owner Societies 2011

Structure and properties of molybdenum oxide nitrides as model systems for selective oxidation catalyst

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Molybdenum oxide nitride (denoted as Mo(O,N)₃) was obtained by ammonolysis of α-MoO₃with gaseous ammonia. Electronic and geometric structure, reducibility, and conductivity of Mo(O,N)₃were investigated by XRD, XAS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and impedance measurements. Catalytic performance in selective propene oxidation was determined by online mass spectrometry und gas chromatography. Upon incorporation of nitrogen, Mo(O,N)₃maintained the characteristic layer structure of α-MoO₃. XRD analysis showed an increased structural disorder in the layers while nitrogen is removed from the lattice of Mo(O,N)₃at temperatures above ~600 K. Compared to regular α-MoO₃, Mo(O,N)₃exhibited a higher electronic and ionic conductivity and an onset of reduction in propene at lower temperatures. Surprisingly, α-MoO₃and Mo(O,N)₃exhibited no detectable differences in onset temperatures of propene oxidation and catalytic selectivity or activity. Apparently, the increased reducibility, oxygen mobility, and conductivity of Mo(O,N)₃compared to α-MoO₃had no effect on the catalytic behavior of the two catalysts. The results presented confirm the suitability of molybdenum oxide nitrides as model systems for studying bulk contributions to selective oxidation.</p